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Chest Pain - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Cardiovascular Causes of Chest Pain:
 • Myocardium:
	- Myocarditis
	- CAD/ACS
	- Valvulopathy
	- Myopericarditis
Cardiovascular Causes ... - Tamponade Pulmonary ... Costochondritis - Tietze syndrome ... • Alveoli: - CHF ... #Cardiology
Stage I - Redistribution
In a normal chest film with the patient standing erect, the pulmonary vessels
In daily clinical ... In these cases comparison ... during a period of CHF ... #Clinical #Radiology ... #CXR #CHF #Cephalization
Treatment of Stable Narrow-Complex Tachycardia
Regular Rhythm:
 • Attempt vagal maneuvers
 • Give adenosine 6 milligrams IV
Treatment of Stable ... disease or CHF) ... Treat underlying cause ... disease or CHF) ... #management #cardiology
TRALI vs TACO - Transfusion Reactions
TRALI:
 • Epidemiology: 0.1% of transfused patientsl
 • Risk factors: Critical
factors: Critical ... without other cause ... : Age>60, CKD, CHF ... , and CXR with pulmonary ... hematology #diagnosis #comparison
Fever vs Hyperthermia
Fever:
 • Regulated in the hypothalamic thermoregulatory center
 • "Set point" raised by prostaglandin
Body temperature rises ... Neuroleptic malignant syndrome ... ; Serotonin syndrome ... • Treatment: ... #Hyperthermia #comparison
Iron Deficiency in Heart Failure
Pathophysiology:
Chronic heart failure leads to an increase in inflammatory cytokines → Inflammation
→ Inflammation causes ... functional ID) Treatment ... showed reduced risk ... endpoint of all-cause ... iron #deficiency #CHF
Refeeding Syndrome Overview

What Is It?
	• Electrolyte/fluid shifts caused by initiation of nutrition in severely malnourished patient.
changes and may cause ... severe clinical ... Risk Factors: ... decompensation (CHF ... hyperparathyroidism Treatment
Right-Sided Heart Failure - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cardiac Causes - Rule out Left-Sided Heart Failure (Most Common):
Algorithm Cardiac Causes ... Causes: - Parenchyma ... Respiratory Distress Syndrome ... Veno-Occlusive Disease #RHF ... #HeartFailure #Cardiology
Refeeding Syndrome: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Patients at Risk of Refeeding Syndrome:
 - Little or no nutritional
Refeeding Syndrome ... Pathogenesis and clinical ... Patients at Risk ... overload -> - CHF ... - Pulmonary
Guillain-Barre Syndrome - Summary

Acute AIDP that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness

Epidemiology:
 • 1-2 cases/100,000 per
Epidemiology: • 1-2 cases ... meningococcal, H1N1) Clinical ... Guillain-Barre Clinical ... Treatment: • Plasmapheresis ... diagnosis #management #treatment