20 results
Multifocal Atrial Tachycardia (MAT)
• At least 3 different P wave morphologies: 
• Rate 100-180
• Irregular 
Etiology
Multifocal Atrial ... • Secondary to chronic ... • Hypoxia • Pulmonary ... #Multifocal #Atrial ... #Diagnosis #ECG
Highlighted Conditions With Arteritis or Periarteritis of the Coronaries
Takayasu's arteritis:
 - Onset < 40 yrs
 -
claudication - Arterial ... sinusitis - pulmonary ... inflammation - Venous/arterial ... osteosclerosis) - Right atrial ... #Differential #Diagnosis
It is very important to differentiate between acute consolidation and chronic consolidation, because it will limit
the differential diagnosis ... eosinophilic pneumonia ... proteinaceous material ... #Diagnosis #Radiology ... #Pulmonary #CXR
Causes of Chronic Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pericardial
 • Effusion
 • Cardiac Tamponade*
 • Constriction
Myocardial
 •
Causes of Chronic ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Arrhythmia • Atrial ... Alveoli • Pneumonia ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Widened Pulse Pressure - Differential Diagnosis and Pathophysiology

Pulse pressure is the difference between the systolic blood
Stroke Volume / Arterial ... disorders - Chronic ... pulmonary diseases ... of developing atrial ... mmHg developed atrial
Right-Sided Heart Failure - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cardiac Causes - Rule out Left-Sided Heart Failure (Most Common):
- Differential Diagnosis ... Parenchyma • Chronic ... Syndrome • Chronic ... Arterial Hypertension ... #HeartFailure #Cardiology
Approach to the A-a Gradient
A-a gradient = PAO2 - PaO2
A-a gradient = [FiO2 x (Patm -
Simplified A-a (assumes Room ... Atelectasis, ARDS, Pneumonia ... Gradient #alveolar #arterial ... #pulmonary #Hypoxia ... #differential #diagnosis
Differentiating PAH from PVH - Echocardiography
Pulmonary Artery Hypertension (PAH):
 • RV size - Enlarged
 • LA
Echocardiography Pulmonary ... right to left • RVOT ... Echocardiogram #comparison #diagnosis ... #cardiology #pulmonary ... #arterial #venous
Causes of Severe Aortic Regurgitation - Differential Diagnosis
Acute:
 • Leaflet: Traumatic Rupture, Acute Infective Endocarditis, Acute
- Differential Diagnosis ... Traumatic Injury to Root ... Chronic - Leaflet ... Degenerative: Systemic Arterial ... #Causes #cardiology
Atrial Fibrillation (A-Fib) Summary

Symptoms:
• Palpitations, light-headedness, dizziness, dyspnea, exercise intolerance, chest pain, near-syncope, syncope.

Why?
Cardiac:
	• Valvular heart
Atrial Fibrillation ... Noncardiac: • Pulmonary ... patients with chronic ... identify left atrial ... test for DM Atrial