22 results
Approach to Hypomagnesemia 

Fractional excretion of magnesium = (urine magnesium x serum creatinine)/ [0.7 (serum magnesium
x serum creatinine ... )/ [0.7 (serum magnesium ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #nephrology ... #magnesium #low
Differentiation Between Nephrotic Syndrome and Nephritic Syndrome 
== Nephrotic Syndrome ==
Onset - Insidious 
Edema - ++++
Blood
pressure - Normal/low ... - Absent Serum ... albumin - Low ... Nephritic #Comparison #Table ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis
Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis
Renal Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Familial:
Bartter syndrome and Gitelman syndrome, Isolated recessive hypomagnesemia,
- Differential Diagnosis ... Renal Causes of ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #nephrology ... #magnesium #low
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Causes of Hypernatremia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... free water loss, Serum ... mannitol, glucosuria Low ... Hypernatremia #Nephrology
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
#Differential #Diagnosis ... #Low #Magnesium ... #Table #Classification ... #Causes #Workup
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
potassium(K) & magnesium ... consumption • Low ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis ... differential #potassium #nephrology ... #low
Shock - Differential Diagnosis by Classification

Hypovolemic (Intravascular volume depletion)
 - Hemorrhagic 
   • Trauma
- Differential Diagnosis ... exacerbation (any cause ... obstruction to blood flow ... Classification #Table ... #CriticalCare
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... algorithm Urine Na+K / serum ... #differential #diagnosis ... #table #sodium ... #nephrology
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
 • Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... Hypomagnesemia #Causes ... #differential #diagnosis ... #nephrology #magnesium ... #low
Rapid, increasing signs of extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) is an important key feature of NMS. EPS, associated
about 95% of NMS cases ... should exhibit low ... serum iron levels ... #Diagnosis #Serotonin ... NeurolepticMalignant #Comparison #Table