23 results
Approach to Hypomagnesemia 

Fractional excretion of magnesium = (urine magnesium x serum creatinine)/ [0.7 (serum magnesium
x serum creatinine ... )/ [0.7 (serum magnesium ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #nephrology ... #magnesium #low
Differentiation Between Nephrotic Syndrome and Nephritic Syndrome 
== Nephrotic Syndrome ==
Onset - Insidious 
Edema - ++++
Blood
- Absent Serum ... albumin - Low ... Syndrome #Nephritic #Comparison ... #Table #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis
Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis
Renal Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Familial:
Bartter syndrome and Gitelman syndrome, Isolated recessive hypomagnesemia,
- Differential Diagnosis ... Renal Causes of ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #nephrology ... #magnesium #low
Etiologies of Hypoaldosteronism

Hyporeninemic Hypoaldosteronism (Low Renin, Low Aldosterone)
 - Diabetic Nephropathy 
 - NSAIDs
Non-Hyporeninemic Hypoaldosteronism (Normal
Hypoaldosteronism (Low ... or High Renin, Low ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Aldosterone #Comparison ... #Table #Causes
Phosphate Binders - Pros and Cons

Calcium carbonate (TumsTM) 
 - Most inexpensive, antacid properties useful for
Low pill burden. ... Magnesium based ... Phosphate #Binders #Table ... #Comparison #Pharmacology ... #Nephrology
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Causes of Hypernatremia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... free water loss, Serum ... mannitol, glucosuria Low ... Hypernatremia #Nephrology
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
#Differential #Diagnosis ... #Low #Magnesium ... #Table #Classification ... #Causes #Workup
Rapid, increasing signs of extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) is an important key feature of NMS. EPS, associated
should exhibit low ... serum iron levels ... #Diagnosis #Serotonin ... NeurolepticMalignant #Comparison ... #Table
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
potassium(K) & magnesium ... consumption • Low ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis ... differential #potassium #nephrology ... #low
A toxidrome is a syndrome (set of symptoms) caused by specific medications or toxins.

There are 5
set of symptoms) caused ... Anticholinergic: low ... antihistamines #Diagnosis ... Toxicology #Toxidromes #Comparison ... #Table #Anticholinergics