12 results
Approach to Hypomagnesemia 

Fractional excretion of magnesium = (urine magnesium x serum creatinine)/ [0.7 (serum magnesium
x serum creatinine ... )/ [0.7 (serum magnesium ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #nephrology ... #magnesium #low
Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis
Renal Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Familial:
Bartter syndrome and Gitelman syndrome, Isolated recessive hypomagnesemia,
- Differential Diagnosis ... pentamidine), Hypercalcemia ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #nephrology ... #magnesium #low
Differentiation Between Nephrotic Syndrome and Nephritic Syndrome 
== Nephrotic Syndrome ==
Onset - Insidious 
Edema - ++++
Blood
pressure - Normal/low ... - Absent Serum ... albumin - Low ... Nephritic #Comparison #Table ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
- Hypokalemia ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Low #Magnesium ... #Table #Classification ... #Causes #Workup
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
potassium(K) & magnesium ... consumption • Low ... #diagnosis #Algorithm ... differential #potassium #nephrology ... #low
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased intake (rare cause in isolation)
GI loss - Urine loss
Causes of Hypokalemia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Gittelman's syndrome • Magnesium ... #Nephrology #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
algorithm Urine Na+K / serum ... : Hypovolemia, Hypervolemia ... #differential #diagnosis ... #table #sodium ... #nephrology
Hypermagnesemia - Diagnosis and Management

Hypermagnesemia is a serum magnesium concentration > 2.6 mg/dL.
Symptoms include hyporeflexia, hypotension,
Hypermagnesemia - Diagnosis ... Hypermagnesemia is a serum ... mortality in ICU Causes ... hypocalciuric hypercalcemia ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis ... only if no clear cause ... Elimination (see Table ... acidosis) • Low ... Treatment #potassium #nephrology
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Intercellular Shift - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Transcellular Shift - Appropriate renal excretion (GFR,
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... , TTKG, distal flow ... Release - Increased Serum ... IntercellularShift #Nephrology