27 results
Deciphering the SAAG - Serum to Ascites Albumin Gradient
Ascites is either made in the liver sinusoid
- Serum to Ascites ... albumin in the blood ... oncotic pressure Low ... Matherly @liverprof #Diagnosis ... #Hepatology #SAAG
TRALI vs TACO - Transfusion Reactions
TRALI:
 • Epidemiology: 0.1% of transfused patientsl
 • Risk factors: Critical
of high parity blood ... : 2 hit mechanism ... to explain symptoms ... Transfusion #Reactions #hematology ... #diagnosis #comparison
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
dementia Pathophysiology ... • Depressive symptoms ... Diagnosis: MRI ... disorder #dementia #AIDS ... #Neurology
Low Alkaline Phosphatase - Hypophosphatasia 

Is Low Alkaline Phosphatase Of Clinical Importance?

ALP enzyme- Discovered in 1923
Low
deficiency • blood ... collection with EDTA Pathophysiology ... mineralization Symptoms ... • Elevation of serum ... Hyophosphatasia #hepatology
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
/ AIDS - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... sensitivity of serum ... #AIDS #opportunistic ... InfectiousDiseases #Neurology
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency
Addison's Disease - Damage of the adrenal glands with lack of cortisol, androgens and
from RTA type IV ... • Weakness • Low-grade ... DHEAS Diagnosis ... be a clue • Blood ... endocrinology #diagnosis
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
Leukostasis: • Pathophysiology ... contents into serum ... , Elevated Cr, Low ... Syndrome #TLS #diagnosis ... #management #hematology
Central Retinal Artery Occlusion: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Inflammatory Disease: (i.e. GCA, SLE, GPA) ->
anti-coagulation • Hematologic ... ) -> Increased blood ... Occlusion #CRAO #pathophysiology ... ophthalmology #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
originate from a low-grade ... Immunoglobulin M (IgM) • Blood ... Mycoplasma, EBV, HIV ... sensitize red blood ... hemolytic #anemia #hematology
Uncommon Causes of Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema (NCPE) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

High Altitude Pulmonary Edema:
 • Accumulation
- Differential Diagnosis ... 10,000 ft) • Symptoms ... Tachypnea, - Low-grade ... respiratory failure or ARDS ... #differential #diagnosis