34 results
Differentiation Between Nephrotic Syndrome and Nephritic Syndrome 
== Nephrotic Syndrome ==
Onset - Insidious 
Edema - ++++
Blood
pressure - Normal/low ... casts - Absent Serum ... albumin - Low ... casts - Present Serum ... #Diagnosis
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia
Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4
 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses
 •
Hypothyroidism, Low ... Hypervolemic, Serum ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... Hyponatremia #algorithm #diagnosis ... #sodium #low #nephrology
Refeeding Syndrome: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Patients at Risk of Refeeding Syndrome:
 - Little or no nutritional
weight loss - Low ... disturbances: low ... cells -> Decr Serum ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #symptoms #signs
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
Leukostasis: • Pathophysiology ... : • Pathophysiology ... contents into serum ... , Elevated Cr, Low ... #TLS #diagnosis
Rapid, increasing signs of extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) is an important key feature of NMS. EPS, associated
extrapyramidal symptoms ... should exhibit low ... serum iron levels ... #Diagnosis #Serotonin ... #Syndrome #NMS
Serum Ascites Albumin Gradient (SAAG) - Differential Diagnosis
High albumin gradient (>1.1 g/dl):
 - Cirrhosis	
 - Alcoholic
Serum Ascites Albumin ... Gradient (SAAG) ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Mixed ascites" Low ... #Serum #Ascites
Primary Sjogren’s Syndrome: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
• Primary Sjögren's is a solitary process whereas secondary Sjögren's
(SLE) Signs / Symptoms ... - Decreased sebum ... #Pathophysiology ... #Diagnosis #Signs ... #Symptoms
Hepatorenal Syndrome Diagnosis
 • ↑ in serum Cr of ≥ 0.3mg/dL above baseline
Hepatorenal Syndrome ... Diagnosis • ↑ ... in serum Cr of ... type 2 HRS) • Low ... #nephrology #criteria
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Anterior Cord Syndrome ... • Central Cord Syndrome ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #orthopedics #neurology
Congenital Long QT Syndrome: Illness Script

Who?
 - Kids or young adults, usually < 30
 - high
Congenital Long QT Syndrome ... - Kids or young ... live births Symptoms ... imbalances (especially low ... #Diagnosis #Cardiology