10 results
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Evaluation Algorithm
In addition to edema and urine concentration, always consider urine
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm In addition ... to edema and urine ... #Evaluation #Algorithm ... #nephrology
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm - Utilizing ... water retention 1) Serum ... 4) Serum Uric Acid ... #Algorithm #nephrology
True Hyponatremia Differential Algorithm

Instead (or in addition) of volume status examination, check urine sodium and serum
Hyponatremia Differential Algorithm ... and serum uric ... acid: - Urine sodium ... #Differential #Algorithm ... #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia
Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4
 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses
 •
wasting Euvolemic, Serum ... Hypervolemic, Serum ... #Hyponatremia #algorithm ... #diagnosis #sodium ... #low #nephrology
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Hypernatremia ... free water loss, Serum ... Sodium >145 mmol ... Hypernatremia #Nephrology
Pulmonary Infections in HIV-AIDS
Bacterial: 
 • No organism identified, Strep pneumoniae, H. influenzae, S.aureus, Streptococcus Grp
Infections in HIV-AIDS ... embolism, Pulm edema ... in particular) Evaluation ... LDH, ABG, BDG, Serum ... HIVAIDS #workup #diagnosis
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... Urine Na+K / serum ... #differential #diagnosis ... #table #sodium ... #nephrology
Hyponatremia Diagnostic Algorithm
1) Check serum osmolality
2) Check urine osmolality
3) ADH Dependent - Check volume status, urine
Hyponatremia Diagnostic ... Algorithm 1) Check ... serum osmolality ... status, urine sodium ... #hyponatremia #nephrology
Diabetes Insipidus - Diagnosis Algorithm
Tests:
 • Osmolality, Urine AND/OR
 • Osmolality, Serum or Plasma AND
 •
Diabetes Insipidus - Diagnosis ... Algorithm Tests ... Plasma AND • Sodium ... Diabetes #Insipidus #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #nephrology
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
Infection in HIV / AIDS ... + mass effect/Edema ... - +mass effect/Edema ... sensitivity of serum ... #AIDS #opportunistic