20 results
Differentiation Between Nephrotic Syndrome and Nephritic Syndrome 
== Nephrotic Syndrome ==
Onset - Insidious 
Edema - ++++
Blood
Syndrome and Nephritic ... Syndrome == Nephrotic ... - Insidious Edema ... - Absent Serum ... #Syndrome #Nephritic
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
Nephrotic Syndromes ... Nephritic syndrome—due ... Nephrotic yndrome—podocyte ... hyperlipidemia edema ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
and nephrotic syndrome ... and nephrotic syndrome ... Kidney stones caused ... Tolvaptan) • Treatment ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology
Chronic Abdominal Pain Causes - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Many patients with chronic abdominal pain have had prior
• Jaundice • Edema ... • Budd-Chiari syndrome ... Irritable bowel syndrome ... • Necrotic bowel ... #Diagnosis #gastroenterology
Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID)

What?
CVID: Immunodeficiency disorder with hypogammaglobulinemia -> increased infection risk secondary to impaired B-cell
Autoimmunity • Chronic ... DDX - Other causes ... hypogammaglobulinemia: • Nephrotic ... syndrome • Burns ... Malignancies • Chronic
SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus)

Suspect:
Clinical evidence of (fatigue, rash, photosensitivity, inflammatory arthritis, weight loss, and fever) and
Shrinking lung syndrome ... lower extremity edema ... , and elevated serum ... proteinuria, dependent edema ... with Lupus: • Chronic
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Calculate serum ... correction of chronic ... demyelination syndrome ... vaptans (HF/liver disease ... #management #nephrology
Urine Microscopy - Casts
Acellular Casts
 • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
variety of acute and chronic ... kidney diseases ... suggestive of nephrotic ... sydnrome • Pigment ... Urine #Microscopy #nephrology
Refeeding Syndrome Overview

What Is It?
	• Electrolyte/fluid shifts caused by initiation of nutrition in severely malnourished patient.
changes and may cause ... Malnutrition due to chronic ... disease/malabsorptive ... malabsorption • Nephrotic ... hyperparathyroidism Treatment
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
Shock, Autoimmune disease ... epilepticus Treatment ... the underlying cause ... • Treatment of ... with AEDs until cause