16 results
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
3 questions to work ... Calculate serum ... the underlying cause ... vaptans (HF/liver disease ... #management #nephrology
Ascites - Diagnostic Approach and Differential Diagnosis
The most common causes: cirrhosis, malignancy and heart failure. Approx
The most common causes ... more than one cause ... of underlying disease ... perforation), Serum ... Jcortesizaguirr #Ascites #workup
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Acute pulmonary edema ... • Edema associated ... Kidney stones caused ... Tolvaptan) • Treatment ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology
Recommended initial testing for patients being evaluated for glomerular disease 

24-hour urine collection - Quantify proteinuria.
for glomerular disease ... expensive Serum ... infections are common causes ... glomerular #testing #workup ... nephrotic #nephritic #nephrology
Recommended initial testing for patients being evaluated for glomerular disease
1) 24-hour urine collection - Quantify proteinuria.
expensive 2) Serum ... Serum or urine for ... infections are common causes ... #workup #diagnosis ... initial #testing #nephrology
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
Shock, Autoimmune disease ... epilepticus Treatment ... the underlying cause ... • Treatment of ... with AEDs until cause
Algorithm regarding the diagnosis and treatment of Hereditary Hemochromatosis HH. 

Step 1: In the patient with
diagnosis and treatment ... of liver disease ... If other causes ... concentration; SF, serum ... management #hepatology #gastroenterology
Dysphagia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Symptom | Diagnosis
• Solid-food dysphagia present for months to years | Mechanical
stroke, Parkinson disease ... disorder → EGD Treatment ... the underlying cause ... Diagnosis #Management #gastroenterology ... #workup
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Weakness, cramping, nausea ... reabsorption) Workup ... only if no clear cause ... caution in HTN & edema ... #potassium #nephrology
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
Antimicrobial treatment ... + mass effect/Edema ... Demyelinating disease ... caused by the JC ... sensitivity of serum