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Differentiation Between Nephrotic Syndrome and Nephritic Syndrome 
== Nephrotic Syndrome ==
Onset - Insidious 
Edema - ++++
Blood
Red blood cell casts ... - Absent Serum ... - Present Serum ... edgarvlermamd - Nephrology ... Comparison #Table #Nephrology
Ascites Differential Diagnosis Table - Serum Ascites Albumin Gradient (SAAG)

SAAG ≥ 1.1:
 • Cirrhosis
 • Portal
Diagnosis Table - Serum ... Albumin Gradient (SAAG ... ) SAAG ≥ 1.1: ... < 1.1: • Nephrotic ... Diagnosis #Table #Serum
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
Nephritic vs Nephrotic ... /nephritic syndromes ... hematuria (RBC casts ... #Nephritic #Nephrotic ... Comparison #Algorithm #Nephrology
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
and Nephrotic Syndromes ... Nephritic syndrome—due ... RBC casts in urine ... but in severe cases ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology
Diagnosis of ascites according to the serum ascites albumin gradient (SAAG)
SAAG ≥ 1.1:
 - Ascitic protein
according to the serum ... albumin gradient (SAAG ... ) SAAG ≥ 1.1: ... Biliary leak, Nephrotic ... Tuberculosis #SAAG
Nephrotic Syndrome - Primary vs Secodary - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

#Nephrotic #Syndrome #Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm #Primary #Secondary
Nephrotic Syndrome ... Diagnosis Algorithm #Nephrotic ... Primary #Secondary #Nephrology ... #Causes
Causes of Ascites
Normal Peritoneum
Portal hypertension (SAAG > 1.1 g/dL)
  1. Hepatic congestionl
Causes of Ascites ... hypertension (SAAG ... 1.1 g/dL) - Nephrotic ... - Myxedema (SAAG ... peritonitis #Ascites #Causes
Algorithm for the Treatment of Membranous Lupus Nephritis
Sub-nephrotic-range proteinuria (<3.5g/d, normal serum albumin) and Preserved kidney
Membranous Lupus Nephritis ... Sub-nephrotic-range ... 3.5g/d, normal serum ... Membranous #Lupus #Nephritis ... Treatment #management #nephrology
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Urinary Casts and ... tubulointerstitial nephritis ... tuberculosis Fatty - Nephrotic ... edgarvlermamd - Nephrology ... Microscopy #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia
Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4
 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses
 •
Hyponatremia Hypovolemic, Serum ... wasting Euvolemic, Serum ... Hypervolemic, Serum ... failure, Cirrhosis, Nephrotic ... #sodium #low #nephrology