9 results
Signs and Symptoms Associated With Different Headache Etiologies
 • Nonfocal mental status changes - Meningitis, encephalitis,
Signs and Symptoms ... Etiologies • Nonfocal mental ... poisoning • Mental ... #signs #symptoms ... #clues #differential
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
papilledema • Horner syndrome ... lyme • Altered mental ... • Meningeal signs ... lesion • CNS infection ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #neurology
Ear Pain (Otalgia) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Primary Otalgia 
 - Pain that originates from the ear
associated with infection ... 10%) • Otitis media ... /squamous cell CA ... following symptoms: headache ... gland tumor Clues
Emergent Causes of Headache and Associated Risk Factors
Carbon monoxide poisoning
 - Breathing in enclosed or confined
Emergent Causes ... History of sinus or ear ... infection or recent ... vasoconstriction syndrome ... #redflags #signs
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
characterized by: • Headache ... Seizures • Altered mental ... Presentation: • Altered mental ... status • Headache ... may precede the neurologic
Giant cell arteritis (GCA)

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) definition: Most common systemic inflammatory vasculitis in older adults
with systemic, neurologic ... Involves large and medium ... vasculitis vs infection ... E.g. 80 yo ESR cutoff ... claudication, headaches
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes - OnePager Summary
Autoimmune ANCA vasculitis (AAV): GPA (granulomatous with polyangiitis), EGPA (eosinophilic granulomatosis
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes ... , r/o infection ... recent DAN) • EMG ... Goodpasture's cause ... blood retum in serial
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
purpura: Strong sign ... primary condition MEDIUM ... Recurrent middle ear ... tract, and often causes ... , recent viral infection
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
heparinized tube) • ECG ... only if no clear cause ... Elimination (see Table ... medications (review MAR ... or 1g CaCl- (central