12 results
Causes of Hypocomplementemia - CHAMPS Mnemonic
C - Cryoglobulinemia (85%), C3 glomerulopathy, cirrhosis
H - Heavy Chain deposition
Causes of Hypocomplementemia ... glomerulopathy, cirrhosis ... antiphospholipid syndrome ... S - Systemic Lupus ... #differential #hematology
Aortitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Non-Infectious Aortitis:
 • Vasculitides: Giant Cell Arteritis (GCA), Takayasu's arteritis, Cogan's Syndrome,
arteritis, Cogan's Syndrome ... (RA), Systemic lupus ... ) • Other Causes ... common bacterial causes ... Mycobacterial Causes
Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis (RPGN)
RPGN has three primary pathophysiologic causes differentiated by immunofluorescence

Immune Complex Mediated (granular staining):
three primary pathophysiologic ... causes differentiated ... Post-strep GN, Lupus ... Normal Complement: IgA ... diagnosis #algorithm #rheumatology
ANA (Antinuclear Antibody) and ANCA (Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies)
 • Systemic lupus erythematosus
   1. Anti-dsDNA
) • Systemic lupus ... Anti-dsDNA (in 70% of cases ... seen in 30—70% of cases ... • Sjögren syndrome ... Anti-Ro/SSA
Hydroxychloroquine - Risks and Benefits in Lupus
Benefits:
↓ Disease activity, ↓ Flare, ↓ Damage, ↓ Corticosteroid dose,
and Benefits in Lupus ... Hyperlipidemia, ↓ SSA-associated ... rare with ~100 cases ... Risks #Benefits #Lupus ... #pharmacology #
Widened Pulse Pressure - Differential Diagnosis and Pathophysiology

Pulse pressure is the difference between the systolic blood
Physiologic Causes ... Pathologic Causes ... - Obesity - Cirrhosis ... Acute Coronary Syndrome ... #causes #cardiology
Antiarrhythmics - Vaughan Williams Classification:
CLASS 1 - Sodium Channel Blockers:
 • MOA: Block fast Na+ channels
current) causing ↓SA ... Vaughan #Williams #Pharmacology ... Classification #Classes ... #pathophysiology ... #cardiology
Antiarrhythmics Pharmacology Summary
Cardiac Conduction Phases:
Phase 0 - Ventricular Depolarization:
 • Na+ channels open leading to a
Antiarrhythmics Pharmacology ... current) causing ↓SA ... Classification #Classes ... #pathophysiology ... #phases #cardiology
Sjogren's Syndrome Overview

Epidemiology:
• F > M: 9:1
• 5-6th Decades (can be any age)

Autoimmune exocrinopathy multisystemic disease
Sjogren's Syndrome ... Hypocomplementemia • Can cause ... primary biliary cirrhosis ... Nephrogenic DI Hematologic ... lubricants • Pharmacologic
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
Schonlein Purpura (IgA ... tract, and often causes ... inflammation Others: • Lupus ... • Cogan Syndrome ... such as systemic lupus