633 results
POCUS - Measuring Cardiac Output
1) Calculate LVOT Area
2) Calculate LVOT VTI
3) Calculate Cardiac Output

SV = (LVOT
Cardiac Output SV ... ) x (LVOT VTI) CO ... LVOT VTI) X HR CO ... (mL/min) = SV ( ... Cardiac #Output #CO
Stroke Volume & Cardiac Output Measurement on POCUS
Accurately measure LVOT diameter:
1. Obtain PLAX 
2. Zoom to
around PWD trace CO ... LVOT Diam/2) 2 SV
Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP)

Average arterial pressure throughout one cardiac cycle, systole, and diastole. 
Surrogate indicator of
Cardiac Output (CO ... (CVP) MAP = (CO ... Cardiac output (CO ... Stroke Volume (SV ... #SV #lvdv
Perform computations online at:
ScyMed.com
6th ED
ICU-card
«ICU, Formulas & Drugs»
HEMODYNAMIC PATTERNS
Condition
SAP
CVP

PAP PCWP

CO C(a-v)02 PVR

SVR
Hypovolemic shock
↓
↓
↓
↓
↓
↑
↑
↑
Cardiogenic shock
↓
1
↑
1

1
↑

Septic shock
↓
↓
↓
↓
↑
↓
↓
↓
Cardiac Tamponade
.
↑
↑
1
↓

→
↑
RV
PAP PCWP CO ... L/min/m2 HR*SV ... /SV Heart Rate ... SV 69-87 mL/beat ... CO/HR Stroke
Right Heart Catheterization - Pulmonary Artery Pressures and Calculations
PULMONARY VASCULAR RESISTANCE = (meanPAP-PCWP) / CO
 •
meanPAP-PCWP) / CO ... [(MAP - RAP) / CO ... (CPO) = (MAP x CO ... for measuring CO ... Ahmed Ghoneem, MD MSc
Oxygen Delivery by Device

Nasal Cannula 
• Indicated for low-flow, low-percentage supplemental oxygen. 
• Flow rate of
Simple Face Mask ... Nonrebreather Mask ... gases (namely CO ... Venturi Mask (venti-mask
Approach to Undifferentiated Shock - OnePager Summary
Shock occurs when there is inadequate blood flow (CO) &
inadequate blood flow (CO ... Pump Problem (↓ CO ... Obstruction (HOCM, critical ... may develop low CO
Cerebral Toxoplasmosis 
- Most comrnon CNS infection in patients with AIDS 
who are not receiving appropriate
prophylaxis Clinical ... • Leucovorin (co-administer
Shock Overview
A state of tissue hypoxia due to decreased or dysregulated oxygen delivery or extraction, resulting
death Common Clinical ... Hypovolemic Shock - Low CO ... Cardiogenic Shock - Low CO ... Obstructive Shock - Low CO
Clarke's Test (Patellar Grind Test)

Indicates Patellofemoral dysfunction.
 - Patient with knee in extension. Push posterior on
of patella then ask ... Patellar #Grind #clinical ... Patellofemoral #msk