49 results
Purple Urine Bag Syndrome
Chronic, indwelling catheter + bacteriuria (Providencia, Klebsiella, E.coli*) + alkaline urine
Tryptophan → Indoxyl
Purple Urine Bag ... Syndrome Chronic ... #Syndrome #PUBS ... #pathophysiology ... clinical #photo #differential
Metabolic Pathways of Purple Urine Bag Syndrome: Adopted from chart originally published in Purple Urine Bag
of Purple Urine Bag ... Syndrome: Adopted ... Syndrome: A Rare ... #Pathophysiology ... #Syndrome
Diagnosis of ascites according to the serum ascites albumin gradient (SAAG)
SAAG ≥ 1.1:
 - Ascitic protein
Late Budd-Chiari syndrome ... Early Budd-Chiari syndrome ... Sinusoidal obstruction syndrome ... leak, Nephrotic syndrome ... gradient #hepatology #differential
Ascites Differential Diagnosis Table - Serum Ascites Albumin Gradient (SAAG)

SAAG ≥ 1.1:
 • Cirrhosis
 • Portal
Ascites Differential ... Albumin Gradient (SAAG ... ) SAAG ≥ 1.1: ... • Nephrotic syndrome ... MatthewHoMD #Ascites #Differential
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Increased Loss 
 - Increased GI Loss
 - Increased Urinary
Hypokalemia - Differential ... - Refeeding Syndrome ... #Hypokalemia #Differential ... potassium #low #pathophysiology
Peripheral Edema - Differential Diagnosis Framework for Lower Extremity Edema

Edema occurs when any of the following
Peripheral Edema - Differential ... • SVC syndrome ... Peripheral #Edema #differential ... Lower #Extremity #PhysicalExam ... #Pathophysiology
Causes of Ascites
Normal Peritoneum
Portal hypertension (SAAG > 1.1 g/dL)
  1. Hepatic congestionl
hypertension (SAAG ... - Budd-Chiari syndrome ... - Nephrotic syndrome ... - Myxedema (SAAG ... Causes #diagnosis #differential
Urine Specific Gravity - Interpretation
Specific Gravity = Density of urine / Density of water
SG close to
Density of water SG ... to ADH) • ATN SG ... kidney failure SG ... Dehydration • SIADH (syndrome ... Interpretation #diagnosis #differential
Abnormally Colored Urine - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Red:
 - Hematuria, Hemoglobinuria, Myoglobinuria
 - Beets, Rhubarb, Blackberries, Artificial
Colored Urine - Differential ... - Purple urine bag ... syndrome (chronically ... Discoloration #Differential
Anatomical Differential Diagnosis for Arrhythmias
 • SA node: Sinus bradycardia, Sick Sinus Syndrome (SSS)
 • AV
Anatomical Differential ... Arrhythmias • SA ... bradycardia, Sick Sinus Syndrome ... > 100 bpm) • SA ... Arrhythmias #Anatomical #Differential