21 results
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Reflex Testing - ... Causes of Hyporeflexia ... Deep coma (any cause ... Guillain-Barré syndrome ... Hyperreflexia #Testing #Causes
Guillain-Barre Syndrome - Summary

Acute AIDP that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness

Epidemiology:
 • 1-2 cases/100,000 per
Guillain-Barre Syndrome ... Epidemiology: • 1-2 cases ... than females Guillain-Barre ... Decreased / Absent Reflexes ... Syndrome #diagnosis #management
Syncope - Cerebral hypoperfusion leading to transient lsos of consciousness causing alck of postural tone with
Orthostatic (4-24%) • Reflex ... • Non-syncopal cause ... 20%) • Unclear cause ... differential #diagnosis #management
Syncope is a sudden, transient loss of consciousness, which is thought to be secondary to cerebral
frequently benign causes ... such as reflex ... life-threatening causes ... further guide management ... depends on the cause
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
- Emergency Causes ... Tethered cord • Guillain-Barre ... bulbocavernosus reflex ... wink test - reflex ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Pyloric Stenosis - Overview - Lightning Learning

Thickened pyloric muscle obstructing the passage of milk going into
be mistaken as reflux ... Cause is unknown ... Stenosis #Diagnosis #Management
Vasopressors and Inotropes - Pharmacology Summary
Vasopressors
Phenylephrine (alpha-1)
 • Increases BP, SVR
 • Risk of reflex bradycardia
SVR • Risk of reflex ... • Higher doses cause ... cAMP/cGMP • Causes ... Pharmacology #Summary #management
Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS)
Acute autoimmune demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness
Epidemiology:
 • Incidence: 1
Guillain-Barré Syndrome ... Incidence: 1 to 2 cases ... depressed deep tendon reflexes ... SinaiBmoreIMRes #GBS #Guillain ... Syndrome #diagnosis #management
Orthopedic Emergencies
Compartment Syndrome
 • An increase in compartment pressure to the point where tissue perfusion is
• Initial Management ... Syndrome • Syndrome caused ... • Management: ... cord function and reflex ... bulbocarvenosus reflex
Pott's Disease in Tuberculosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology:
 - Typically from TB endemic areas
 -
Diagnosis and Management ... extrapulmonary cases ... numbness, decreased reflexes ... smear microscopy Management ... TB #Diagnosis #Management