28 results
Loss of Consciousness in Syncope - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Syncopal causes:
• Orthostatic syncope
• Reflex syncope
• Cardiac arrhythmia
•
Consciousness in Syncope ... causes: • Orthostatic ... syncopeReflex ... syncope • Cardiac ... Nonsyncopal causes
Syncope - Cerebral hypoperfusion leading to transient lsos of consciousness causing alck of postural tone with
Syncope - Cerebral ... Orthostatic (4-24%) • Reflex ... cause (8-20%) ... • Unclear cause ... differential #diagnosis #management
Syncope is a sudden, transient loss of consciousness, which is thought to be secondary to cerebral
frequently benign causes ... such as reflex ... life-threatening causes ... further guide management ... In many cases, syncope
Shock - Differential Diagnosis by Classification
Reflex Syncope 
 - Vasovagal syncope
   • Prolonged standing
Classification Reflex ... Syncope - Vasovagal ... syncope • Prolonged ... bradycardia • Sinus pauses ... Classification #Table #Causes
Syncope - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Reflex Syncope:
• Vasovagal: Prolonged standing, Stress, Pain
• Situational: Coughing, Sneezing, Micturition, Defecation,
Syncope - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework Reflex ... Syncope: • Vasovagal ... bradycardia, Sinus pauses ... Cerebrovascular Syncope
Pacemaker Placement Indications
Class I:
 • Third degree block
 • Advanced 2nd degree block
 • Symptomatic Mobitz
RBBB/LBBB with syncope ... Class Ill: • Syncope ... LaFB without sx/syncope ... • Reversible causes ... PPM #cardiology #management
Pyloric Stenosis - Overview - Lightning Learning

Thickened pyloric muscle obstructing the passage of milk going into
be mistaken as reflux ... Cause is unknown ... Stenosis #Diagnosis #Management
Vasopressors and Inotropes - Pharmacology Summary
Vasopressors
Phenylephrine (alpha-1)
 • Increases BP, SVR
 • Risk of reflex bradycardia
SVR • Risk of reflex ... • Higher doses cause ... cAMP/cGMP • Causes ... Pharmacology #Summary #management
Orthopedic Emergencies
Compartment Syndrome
 • An increase in compartment pressure to the point where tissue perfusion is
• Initial Management ... Syndrome • Syndrome caused ... • Management: ... cord function and reflex ... bulbocarvenosus reflex
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
Diagnosis and Management ... countries (11-24 cases ... symptoms are not caused ... cardiomyopathy) and syncope ... Sarcoidosis #Diagnosis #Management