2935 results
Pitting vs Non-Pitting Edema: Differential Diagnosis
For pitting edema: there's generally an issue with :
  ↑
edema is usually caused ... increased protein secretion ... Differential #Diagnosis #causes
Acromegaly 
Caused by over-secretion of growth hormone (GH) from the pituitary gland. 
The condition is rare
Acromegaly Caused ... by over-secretion
Hirsutism - Differential Diagnosis
Defined as excessive dark, coarse, male-pattern hair growth
Hirsutism causes in premenopausal women:
 •
growth Hirsutism causes ... Acromegaly, Androgen-secreting ... tumors Hirsutism causes ... hyperthecosis • Androgen-secreting
Differentiation of Causes of Hyperthyroidism According to Pattern of Radionucleotide Uptake
Reduced uptake:
 • Thyroiditis
 • Exogenous
Differentiation of Causes ... thyroid hormone secretion
Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis (RTA)  Type 1 

Totally scuppers the kidney's acidification mechanism. Will be
impaired NH4+ secretion ... Management #Nephrology #Causes
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI Losses - Gastric
 • Vomiting
 • NG suction
GI
Causes of Metabolic ... Hypertension • Renin-Secreting ... • Aldosterone-secreting ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Defining the cause ... renovascular HT, Renin-secreting ... diagnosis #algorithm #causes
Growth Hormone Excess - Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Acromegaly and gigantism share the same pathophysiology
• Other rare causes ... tumors and ectopic secretion ... Excess Insulin Secretion
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... antidiuretic hormone secretion ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Lung Findings on Physical Exam
Crackles:
 • Short, discontinuous, sounds mostly heard during inspiration
 • Caused by
inspiration • Caused ... expiration • Caused ... edema, swelling, secretions ... mucus plugging, secretions ... wheezing sound caused