39 results
“H’s & T’s“ - The reversible causes of Cardiac Arrest 
Hypovolemia, Hypoxia/Hypoxemia, Hydrogen Ion Excess (Acidosis),
The reversible causes ... Cardiac Arrest Hypovolemia ... Pneumothorax, Thrombosis (Pulmonary ... #HsTs #acls #differential ... diagnosis #arrest #management
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Increased Intake
 • Reduced Excretion (IV potassium with
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... - Differential ... Transcellular Shift ... #Hyperkalemia ... #Nephrology #Differential
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Once pseudohypokalemia is ruled out, causes of hypokalemia can be
Causes of Hypokalemia ... - Differential ... (transcellular shift ... #Differential # ... #workup #nephrology
Drugs associated with hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia

Hypokalemia
- Shift from extracellular fluid to intracellular fluid compartment
  -
- Shift from extracellular ... overdose) - Sodium ... #Medications #differential ... #diagnosis #nephrology ... #Causes #hypomg
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Hypokalemia Differential ... Intracellular Shift ... #Differential # ... Algorithm #Diagnosis #Causes ... #Workup #Nephrology
Hyperkalemia Treatment Options
Stabilize cardiac membrane:
 • IV Calcium (peaks 5-10 minutes)
Decrease potassium concentration:
 • IV Fluids
Shift
Hyperkalemia Treatment ... • IV Fluids Shift ... 90 minutes) • Sodium ... #management #potassium ... #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased intake (rare cause in isolation)
GI loss - Urine loss
Causes of Hypokalemia ... - Differential ... Decreased intake (rare cause ... Transcellular shift ... #Nephrology #Differential
Potassium Binders for Management of Hyperkalemia
 • SPS - Sodium polystyrene sulfonate
 • Patiromer (veltassa)
 •
of Hyperkalemia ... • SPS - Sodium ... #Hyperkalemia # ... #pharmacology #table ... #comparison #nephrology
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Reflex Testing - Causes ... Hyperreflexia: • Hypocalcemia ... #differential # ... diagnosis #table ... #neurology
Etiologies of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
GI losses / Insensible losses
Sodium Overload
Transcellular Movement of Water
Central Diabetes Insipidus
Hypernatremia - Differential ... Insensible losses Sodium ... hypercalcemia - Chronic hypokalemia ... #Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes