111 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Transcellular Shift ... : • Alkalosis ... Transcellular shifts ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Intracellular Shift ... Periodic paralysis Alkalosis ... Metabolic alkalosis ... Algorithm #Diagnosis #Causes ... #Workup #Nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis ... hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine ... (late) • High Urine ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Nephrology ... #Causes
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Urine chloride < 20 mmol/l - Chloride responsive (Chloride
Causes of Metabolic ... Alkalosis - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm Urine ... diuretic use Urine ... #Causes #Differential
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Decreased intake/absorption: Starvation, Alcoholism, Malabsorption, Phosphate binder use
 • Redistribution/
Redistribution/ Shift ... depletion: Respiratory alkalosis ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... #nephrology #phosphate
Oxyhemoglobin Dissociation Curve 

Left Shift - decreased unloading of O2 at tissue level (i.e.  increased
Curve Left Shift ... - decr H+ (alkalosis ... Hypophosphatæmia Right Shift ... #Left #Right #Shift ... #Differential #Causes
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Metabolic Alkalosis ... responsive metabolic alkalosis ... Urine chloride is ... the indicated causes ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Approach to Hypomagnesemia 

Fractional excretion of magnesium = (urine magnesium x serum creatinine)/ [0.7 (serum magnesium
of magnesium = (urine ... serum magnesium x urine ... intake, Gl loss, shift ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology #magnesium
Rock Paper Scissors - Assessment of Nerve Damage in Upper Limb Injuries
Rock - Median Nerve
 •
Radius & Ulnar Fractures ... 4-6%), Humeral Shaft ... Fractures • Extension ... Radius & Ulna Fractuers ... UpperExtremities #diagnosis #neurology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis ... hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine ... (late) • High Urine ... Primary #Metabolic #Alkalosis ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology