44 results
Hypercalcemia - EKG Findings
Causes of Hypercalcemia 
• Malignancy 
• Milk-alkali syndrome 
• Vitamin D toxicity 
•
EKG Findings Causes ... • Milk-alkali syndrome ... • Vitamin D toxicity ... #EKG #ECG #Electrocardiogram ... Differential #Causes #Diagnosis
Beta Blocker Side Effects / Toxicity
Cardiac Side Effects:
 • Sinus bradycardia, AV block, Heart failure exacerbation,
Side Effects / Toxicity ... blocker withdrawal syndrome ... (e.g. tachycardia ... Facilitation of hyperkalemia ... #pharmacology #diagnosis
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid hormone–dependent
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
Lithium-associated
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Genetic disorders (e.g., multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 or
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... hypocalciuric hypercalcemia ... Genetic disorders (e.g ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Endocrinology
Causes of Excessive Daytime Sleepiness - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Insufficient Sleep
 • Poor Sleep Hygiene
 • Insomnia
Sleep Deprivation (Eg ... Shift Work) Sleep ... Neurologic Disorders (Eg ... • Medications (Eg ... • Drug Abuse (Eg
Proposed Algorithm for Diagnosing Sarcoidosis
Highly suggestive Clinicoradiological Findings → Clinical diagnosis (without biopsy) e.g. Löfgren's syndrome
Suggestive
Clinicoradiological Findings → Clinical ... biopsy) e.g. ... Löfgren's syndrome ... and/or cytology (e.g ... #Workup
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
risk factors (eg ... hypertension (eg ... 109 mm Hg) with clinical ... hypertension (eg ... Vasculitis • Endocrinologic
Malignant Adrenal Mass - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Suggestive of Malignancy: Inhomogenous Density, Delay in CT Contrast Washout
Releasing Carcinoma (e.g ... Other Source (e.g ... Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome ... High Plasma E2 + Clinical ... #Algorithm #Endocrinology
Peri-operative Hyperthermia - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
If prolonged or ≥ 39 C this is a
39 C this is a clinical ... Surgical devices, e.g ... Sepsis (→ 3-14) e.g ... (e.g. haloperidol ... #Management #Workup
Hyperglycemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Diabetes Mellitus:
 • Impaired Glucose Tolerance
 • Type I Diabetes
 • Type
- Differential Diagnosis ... • Cushing's Syndrome ... agonists • Others Critical ... Hyperglycemia (e.g ... #Algorithm #endocrinology
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Intercellular Shift - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Transcellular Shift - Appropriate renal excretion (GFR,
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... Intercellular Shift ... Transcellular Shift ... • Cell Lysis (e.g ... Tumor Lysis Syndrome