46 results
ECG Changes in Hyperkalemia and Treatment
Membrane Stabilization
 - Calcium gluconate or chloride 
Redistribution
 - Insulin
ECG Changes in Hyperkalemia ... and Treatment ... Stabilization - Calcium ... #Treatment #Management ... #Diagnosis #ECG
Emergency Management of Hyperkalemia in Adults
Assess Patient - Airway Breathing Circulation Disability Exposure (ABCDE) Approach
 •
Management of Hyperkalemia ... clinical scenario, ECG ... the Heart • Calcium ... Chloride OR Calcium ... Gluconate IV Shift
Hypercalcemia Workup and Differential Diagnosis Framework
1) Determine whether PTH-dependent
2) Assess for other hormonal causes
3) Assess for
Hypercalcemia Workup ... and Differential Diagnosis ... #Workup #Differential ... #endocrinology ... #calcium
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Hypercalcemia due to increased bone Ca2+ resorption:
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism, Malignancy, Pseudohyperparathyroidism, Renal failure,
histoplasmosis) • Milk (calcium ... )-alkali syndrome ... #differential #diagnosis ... #calcium #high ... #endocrinology
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Adenoma
 • Hyperplasia
 • MEN 1 and 2A
Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism
Differential Diagnosis ... Autosomal Dominant Calcium ... Other • Excess Calcium ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #Endocrinology
Hypercalcemia Evaluation
1) Clinical clues
 - Is the patient symptomatic?
 - Family history?
 - Have you done
Hypercalcemia Evaluation ... #workup #differential ... #diagnosis #endocrinology ... #calcium #elevated ... #evaluation #workup
Hyperkalemia - Management Algorithm
 • IV calcium
 • IV insulin and glucose and/or salbutamolt
 • Consider
Algorithm • IV calcium ... potassium and ECG ... blocks, QRS axis shift ... potassium #high #diagnosis ... management #algorithm #treatment
BRASH Syndrome

B - Bradycardia
R - Renal failure
A - AV nodal blockade
S - Shock
H - Hyperkalemia

Typical ECG
BRASH Syndrome ... Typical ECG ... ) BRASH Treatment ... • Aggressive treatment ... #diagnosis #management
Emergent Hyperkalemia Treatment Algorithm
ECG changes, weakness, K+ >6.5 Or renal insufficiency with K >5.5 with cellular
Emergent Hyperkalemia ... ECG changes, weakness ... injury, etc) ECG ... AV blocks) -> Calcium ... cardiac membrane Shift
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift
 • Recovery From DKA
 • Refeeding Syndrome
 • Acute Respiratory
- Differential Diagnosis ... Transcellular Shift ... • Refeeding Syndrome ... Alkalosis • Hypokalemia ... #Algorithm #endocrinology