23 results
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Increased Loss 
 - Increased GI Loss
 - Increased Urinary
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Transcellular Shift ... - Refeeding Syndrome ... Algorithm #causes #potassium ... #low #pathophysiology
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia 
 • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren)
 • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
• Increased EC ... shift of K (Succinylcholine ... #differential #diagnosis ... #pathophysiology ... #pharmacology #potassium
Hyperkalemia - Management Algorithm
 • IV calcium
 • IV insulin and glucose and/or salbutamolt
 • Consider
Hyperkalemia - Management ... and ECG changes ... blocks, QRS axis shift ... #diagnosis #management ... #algorithm #treatment
BRASH Syndrome

B - Bradycardia
R - Renal failure
A - AV nodal blockade
S - Shock
H - Hyperkalemia

Typical ECG
BRASH Syndrome ... Typical ECG ... ) BRASH Treatment ... #diagnosis #management ... #pathophysiology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary

Trauma:
 • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury
Exertional:
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... Dermatomyositis) AKI - Pathophysiology ... Shift of extracellular ... Monitor potassium ... Dialysis for severe hyperkalemia
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
- Differential Diagnosis ... Dermatomyositis Clinical ... Shift of extracellular ... Monitor potassium ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Classification of Tumor Lysis Syndrome (TLS) and Treatment of Metabolic Abnormalities of TLS
Laboratory TLS:
 • Uric
of Tumor Lysis Syndrome ... 8.0 mg/dL • Potassium ... Calcium ≤ 7.0 mg/dL Clinical ... hydroxide • Hyperkalemia ... #TLS #diagnosis
Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome

WPW is a congenital abnormality characterized by an abnormal accessory conduction pathway between the atria
Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome ... The definitive treatment ... WolffParkinsonWhite #WPW #Cardiology ... #ECG #EKG #Electrocardiogram ... #Clinical #Diagnosis
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
Leukostasis: • Pathophysiology ... : • Pathophysiology ... hydration - Hyperkalemia ... unless worrisome EKG ... #TLS #diagnosis
Evaluation and Management of Hypokalemia

Hypokalemia is often asymptomatic. Evaluation begins with a search for warning signs
warranting urgent treatment ... electrocardiography (ECG ... transcellular shifts ... depletion impedes potassium ... #Diagnosis #Hypokalemia