9 results
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia 
 • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren)
 • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
• Increased EC ... shift of K (Succinylcholine ... Benyzlpenicillin, blood ... differential #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #pharmacology #potassium
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
patients with hypokalemia ... creatinine) • Cell shift ... effective arterial blood ... syndrome #hypokalemia ... #urine #potassium
Hyperkalemia Management
Pseudohyperkalemia: 1. Hemolyzed sample 2. Blood drawn from a site/line where potassium or TPN is
Hyperkalemia Management ... Blood drawn from ... minutes-hour) -Shift ... or dialysis • SLOW ... #high
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
immature blasts and high ... , Elevated Cr, Low ... hydration - Hyperkalemia ... unless worrisome EKG ... diagnosis #management #hematology
Lactated Ringers (LR) vs Normal Saline (NS) - Comparison

Composition of LR:
 • Sodium 130 mEq/L
 •
130 mEq/L • Potassium ... Is Dangerous in Hyperkalemia ... transcellular shift ... densa receives high ... flow and renal
Low Alkaline Phosphatase - Hypophosphatasia 

Is Low Alkaline Phosphatase Of Clinical Importance?

ALP enzyme- Discovered in 1923
Low
fractures of feet, thigh ... deficiency • blood ... collection with EDTA Pathophysiology ... Hyperlipidemia - Hypercalcemia ... Hyophosphatasia #hepatology
Blood Product Transfusions One Pager Summary
Type and screen - determines blood type and detects in recipient
High mortality. ... Hypocalcemia, Hyperkalemia ... potassium from ... Hypothermia: Due to low ... diagnosis #management #hematology
Blood Transfusion Reactions

Immune Mediated:
 • Febrile Non-Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction (FNHTR): Most common immune reaction to transfusion.
High mortality. ... Hypocalcemia, Hyperkalemia ... potassium from ... Hypothermia: Due to low ... diagnosis #management #hematology
Bulimia Nervosa: Complications
GASTROINTESTINAL
 • Dehydration & inability to digest food -> Constipation
 • Recurrent vomiting exposes
Binging on foods high ... acids elevated blood ... hormonal imbalances (low ... ) • Overall: hypokalemia ... Complications #pathophysiology