21 results
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
phlebotomy High ... • Recent IV potassium ... Intracellular Shift ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #potassium #high
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
phlebotomy High ... • Recent IV potassium ... Intracellular Shift ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #potassium #high
TRALI vs TACO - Transfusion Reactions
TRALI:
 • Epidemiology: 0.1% of transfused patientsl
 • Risk factors: Critical
- Transfusion Reactions ... without other cause ... ARDS to explain symptoms ... CVP, left heart ... #hematology #diagnosis
Medications for the Treatment of Hyperkalemia
The goals of acute treatment are to prevent potentially life-threatening cardiac
disturbances, shift ... potassium into ... intervention are symptoms ... , changes on ECG ... or underlying heart
Digoxin Pharmacology and Pathophysiology
1) Na/K ATPase Pump - Digoxin works by directly binding to and inhibiting
Pharmacology and Pathophysiology ... intracellular calcium causes ... - Decreased heart ... - Hyperkalemia ( ... high potassium levels
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Management Summary Causes ... : • Triad of symptoms ... urine • Other symptoms ... Shift of extracellular ... Monitor potassium
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary

Trauma:
 • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury
Exertional:
 •
Dermatomyositis) AKI - Pathophysiology ... Shift of extracellular ... Monitor potassium ... Dialysis for severe hyperkalemia ... Management #Summary #causes
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
immature blasts and high ... WBC count cause ... hydration - Hyperkalemia ... unless worrisome EKG ... diagnosis #management #hematology
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
Loss of sodium/Potassium ... Collapse: • Pathophysiology ... Syncope • Signs/Symptoms ... High body temperatures ... Hypocalcemia - Hyperkalemia
Evaluation and Management of Hypokalemia

Hypokalemia is often asymptomatic. Evaluation begins with a search for warning signs
warning signs or symptoms ... electrocardiography (ECG ... Most cases of hypokalemia-induced ... transcellular shifts ... depletion impedes potassium