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diagnosis nephrology management differential causes hypokalemia algorithm potassium rhabdomyolysis barre bulimianervosa complications diuresis diuretics encephalopathy excretion guillain guillainbarre hematology hypotonic
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine Urine K+
patients with hypokalemia ... creatinine) • Cell shift ... , Gitelman syndrome ... #hypokalemia ... algorithm #diagnosis #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview What? • Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter • Gitelman's syndrome
Gitelman Syndrome ... alkalosis • Normal or low ... Rhabdomyolysis Treatment ... #nephrology #management ... #pathophysiology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary Causes of Rhabdomyolysis: • Trauma: - Immobilization - Crush injury - Compartment
- Compartment syndrome ... Hyperuricemia • Hyponatremia ... Shift of extracellular ... per day until stable ... #nephrology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
can be high or low ... : Hypovolemia, Hypervolemia ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... differential #diagnosis #table ... #sodium #nephrology
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome Leukostasis: • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
Leukostasis: • Pathophysiology ... : • Pathophysiology ... , Elevated Cr, Low ... hydration - Hyperkalemia ... unless worrisome EKG
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary Trauma: • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury Exertional: •
iniury, Compartment syndrome ... Dermatomyositis) AKI - Pathophysiology ... Shift of extracellular ... per day until stable ... Dialysis for severe hyperkalemia
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Intercellular Shift - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Transcellular Shift - Appropriate renal excretion (GFR,
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... Intercellular Shift ... , TTKG, distal flow ... • Cell Lysis (e.g ... Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Causes of Hypokalemia Transcellular Shifts: - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Transcellular Shifts ... plasma insulin (treatment ... diuretic use), Gitelman's ... or induced) #Hypokalemia
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Elimination (see Table ... acidosis) • Low ... Terbutaline 7 µg/kg ... Slow - don’t delay ... #potassium #nephrology
Guillain-Barre Syndrome - Summary Acute AIDP that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness Epidemiology: • 1-2 cases/100,000 per
Guillain-Barre Pathophysiology ... /constipation, hyponatremia ... Treatment: • Plasmapheresis ... diagnosis #management #treatment ... #neurology
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