26 results
Emergency Management of Hyperkalemia in Adults
Assess Patient - Airway Breathing Circulation Disability Exposure (ABCDE) Approach
 •
Management of Hyperkalemia ... clinical scenario, ECG ... Gluconate IV Shift ... of hyperkalaemia ... recurrence #Hyperkalemia
Etiologies of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
GI losses / Insensible losses
Sodium Overload
Transcellular Movement of Water
Central Diabetes Insipidus
Hypernatremia - Differential ... hypercalcemia ... - Chronic hypokalemia ... #Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Hyporeflexia: • Hypercalcemia ... polyneuropathy (e.g ... Hyperreflexia: • Hypocalcemia ... #differential # ... diagnosis #table
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential ... • LDH ↑ • Hyperkalemia ... /Late - Hypercalcemia ... Shift of extracellular ... Dialysis for severe hyperkalemia
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
GI losses - Chronic ... abnormalities - Hypercalcemia ... Low #Magnesium #Table ... #Classification ... #Causes #Workup
Constipation - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Diet/Lifestyle
 • Fibre
 • Calories
 • Fluid
 • Exercise
 • Psychosocial
Medications
 •
Constipation - Differential ... Hypothyroidism • Hypokalemia ... • Hypercalcemia ... #Constipation #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status 

Hypervolemic hypernatremia 
 - CHF
Classification, ... - Acute and chronic ... Glucocorticoid deficit - Hypokalemia ... Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes
Classification of Diabetes Insipidus

Central or neurogenic diabetes insipidus:
 - Congenital - Structural malformations affecting the hypothalamus
uropathy, Metabolic causes ... (e.g., hypokalemia ... , hypercalcemia) ... Treatment is aimed ... Nephrology #Diagnosis #Differential
Medications for the Treatment of Hyperkalemia
The goals of acute treatment are to prevent potentially life-threatening cardiac
of Hyperkalemia ... disturbances, shift ... Patients with chronic ... , changes on ECG ... , and Table 3 summarizes
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid hormone–dependent
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
Lithium-associated
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Genetic disorders (e.g., multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 or
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... hypocalciuric hypercalcemia ... failure, acute or chronic ... Jansen disease #Hypercalcemia ... #Causes #Differential