11 results
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia 
 • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren)
 • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia ... • Increased EC shift ... Benyzlpenicillin, blood ... pathophysiology #pharmacology ... #potassium #medications
Potassium-Binding Agents to Treat Hyperkalemia
Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (Lokelma):
 • Mechanism: Preferentially captures K in exchange for
Potassium-Binding ... of aspiration #Potassium ... #medications #pharmacology ... #table #comparison ... #binders
Here’s a review of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone system (RAAS)

This is a very common pathway that clinicians should
sodium, which causes ... increased blood ... This decreases blood ... avoid harmful hyperkalemia ... ReninAngiotensinAldosteroneSystem #RAAS #Pharmacology
Potassium Binders for Management of Hyperkalemia
 • SPS - Sodium polystyrene sulfonate
 • Patiromer (veltassa)
 •
Potassium Binders ... for Management ... #Binders #Management ... treatment #pharmacology ... #table #comparison
Lactated Ringers (LR) vs Normal Saline (NS) - Comparison

Composition of LR:
 • Sodium 130 mEq/L
 •
Saline (NS) - Comparison ... 130 mEq/L • Potassium ... Is Dangerous in Hyperkalemia ... transcellular shift ... #pharmacology #
Causes of Hyperkalemia
Pseudohyperkalemia
 - Tourniquet use
 - Hemolysis (in vitro)
 - Leukocytosis
 - Thrombocytosis
Intra- to extracellular
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... shift - Acidosis ... Transfusion of aged blood ... tacrolimus - Aldosterone ... #Causes #diagnosis
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
 • Cellular Shift:
   - Exercise
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... Framework • Cellular Shift ... Decrease Response to Aldosterone ... : Blood draw error ... #potassium #high
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Framework and Management ... Summary Causes ... UA positive for blood ... Shift of extracellular ... Monitor potassium
Hyponatremia (<135 mEq/L) is a common electrolyte abnormality caused by an excess of total body water
body water in comparison ... Rise in blood urea ... Circulating ADH binds ... renin-angiotensin-aldosterone ... hyponatremia #ADH #RAAS #Hypovolemia
Blood Transfusion Reactions

Immune Mediated:
 • Febrile Non-Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction (FNHTR): Most common immune reaction to transfusion.
Hypocalcemia ... , Hyperkalemia: ... Citrate in RBCs binds ... potassium from ... Transfusion #diagnosis #management