20 results
EKG showing prominent U waves due to hypokalemia. Serum potassium 2.0. 

#EKG #emergencymedicine #criticalcare #cardiology #internalmedicine
U waves due to hypokalemia ... Serum potassium ... #criticalcare # ... cardiology #internalmedicine ... Electrocardiogram #ECG
Potassium-Binding Agents to Treat Hyperkalemia
Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (Lokelma):
 • Mechanism: Preferentially captures K in exchange for
Potassium-Binding ... ); nausea, vomiting ... patients sensitive to high ... of aspiration #Potassium ... pharmacology #table #comparison
Hyperkalemia - Management Algorithm
 • IV calcium
 • IV insulin and glucose and/or salbutamolt
 • Consider
Hyperkalemia - Management ... Dialysis Serum potassium ... and ECG changes ... blocks, QRS axis shift ... #potassium #high
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
phlebotomy High ... • Recent IV potassium ... Intracellular Shift ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #potassium #high
Hyperkalemia Management Algorithm
 • Treat the cause & optimize hemodynamics and ventilation
 • Reconsider treatment leadingto
• Treat the cause ... and parenteral potassium ... Intracellular K+ Shift ... Algorithm #treatment #potassium ... #high
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
phlebotomy High ... • Recent IV potassium ... Intracellular Shift ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #potassium #high
Digoxin Pharmacology and Pathophysiology
1) Na/K ATPase Pump - Digoxin works by directly binding to and inhibiting
intracellular calcium causes ... - Hyperkalemia ( ... high potassium levels ... , in states of hypokalemia ... Pathophysiology #cardiology
Pseudohyperkalemia vs Reverse Hyperkalemia

Pseudohyperkalemia and reverse pseudohyperkalemia are both conditions where potassium levels appear falsely elevated.

Pseudohyperkalemia:
This
Causes: • Thrombocytosis ... potassium is high ... Causes: • Seen ... • ECG findings ... no changes in ECG
Lactated Ringers (LR) vs Normal Saline (NS) - Comparison

Composition of LR:
 • Sodium 130 mEq/L
 •
Saline (NS) - Comparison ... 130 mEq/L • Potassium ... Is Dangerous in Hyperkalemia ... transcellular shift ... densa receives high
Shock Classification Types - Pathophysiology Comparison

Obstructive Shock:
 • Obstructive shock is characterized by a blockage in
Pathophysiology Comparison ... in blood flow caused ... Characterized by hypovolemia ... and normal or high ... #criticalcare #