18 results
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Increased Loss 
 - Increased GI Loss
 - Increased Urinary
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Transcellular Shift ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... #potassium #low ... #pathophysiology
Hyperkalemia - Management Algorithm
 • IV calcium
 • IV insulin and glucose and/or salbutamolt
 • Consider
Hyperkalemia - Management ... and ECG changes ... Widening of QRS complex ... blocks, QRS axis shift ... #potassium #high
Digoxin Pharmacology and Pathophysiology
1) Na/K ATPase Pump - Digoxin works by directly binding to and inhibiting
intracellular calcium causes ... - Hyperkalemia ( ... high potassium levels ... (or low potassium ... #cardiology
EKG in Acute Pulmonary Embolism
The sensitivity and specificity for EKG findings in acute PE are low.
EKG
in acute PE are low ... evaluating for other causes ... Incomplete or Complete ... Wave in V1 • Shift ... AcutePE #diagnosis #cardiology
Premature Ventricular Complexes (PVC's) - Summary Framework

Why PVCs?  Can be the first manifestation of cardiac
heart disease Causes ... Hypomagnesemia • Hypokalemia ... classified as: • Low ... percent PVCs/day • High ... #differential #cardiology
How do you work up an ischemic CVA?
A) Initial Evaluation
 • ABCs
 • IV access, monitor
How do you work ... Physical exam (complete ... Evaluate underlying cause ... Cardioembolic: • ECG ... • TTE +/- TEE (high
Hyperkalemia Management
Pseudohyperkalemia: 1. Hemolyzed sample 2. Blood drawn from a site/line where potassium or TPN is
Hyperkalemia Management ... site/line where potassium ... minutes-hour) -Shift ... or dialysis • SLOW ... #high
Intraoperative Cardiac Ischaemia - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia

If the patient is unconscious, signs of cardiac
Have a high index ... CM5 continuous ECG ... Stop or rapidly complete ... abnormalities particularly potassium ... consultation with cardiology
Causes of ST Segment Elevation - Differential Diagnosis Framework

STEMI:
 • Upsloping convex STE: "Pardee's sign" +
Causes of ST Segment ... Disorders: • Hyperkalemia ... Tower sign) and low-amplitude ... • Short QT, high ... differential #diagnosis #cardiology
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
immature blasts and high ... WBC count cause ... , Elevated Cr, Low ... hydration - Hyperkalemia ... unless worrisome EKG