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diagnosis differential hyperkalemia nephrology management classification comparison hypomagnesemia hypomg rhabdomyolysis table acidosis agents algorithm antifungal binders binding coccidioides coccidioidomycosis diuresis
Drugs associated with hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia Hypokalemia - Shift from extracellular fluid to intracellular fluid compartment -
- Shift from extracellular ... - Insulin (high ... renal Fanconi syndrome ... #Medications #differential ... diagnosis #nephrology #Causes
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren) • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced ... Hyperkalemia ... • Increased EC shift ... pathophysiology #pharmacology ... #potassium #medications
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
reactions Common Drugs ... Intracellular Shift ... - Tumor lysis syndrome ... Medications 2. ... #potassium #high
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
reactions Common Drugs ... Intracellular Shift ... - Tumor lysis syndrome ... Medications 2. ... #potassium #high
Hyperkalemia Management Algorithm • Treat the cause & optimize hemodynamics and ventilation • Reconsider treatment leadingto
• Treat the cause ... • Reconsider treatment ... and parenteral potassium ... Intracellular K+ Shift ... #potassium #high
Potassium-Binding Agents to Treat Hyperkalemia Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (Lokelma): • Mechanism: Preferentially captures K in exchange for
Potassium-Binding ... ); nausea, vomiting ... patients sensitive to high ... of aspiration #Potassium ... #medications #pharmacology
Causes of Hypokalemia Transcellular Shifts: - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Transcellular Shifts ... plasma insulin (treatment ... Conn's, Liddle's), Drugs ... #Causes #differential
Causes of Hypomagnesemia Redistribution: - IV glucose - Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis - IV hyperalimentation - Refeeding
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... osmotic diuresis - Potassium ... renal disease Drugs ... #differential #medications ... #drugs #pharmacology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary Causes of Rhabdomyolysis: • Trauma: - Immobilization - Crush injury - Compartment
Management Summary Causes ... - Toxins - Drugs ... Shift of extracellular ... Monitor potassium ... Diagnosis #Management #causes
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary Trauma: • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury Exertional: •
Drugs (Statins), ... Shift of extracellular ... Monitor potassium ... Dialysis for severe hyperkalemia ... Management #Summary #causes
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