18 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Transcellular Shift ... vomiting) • Low ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #low #potassium
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
Algorithm for patients ... with hypokalemia ... creatinine) • Cell shift ... #differential #algorithm ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Hypertonic Hyponatremia ... ON (UNa < 30): Hypovolemia ... Primary polydipsia, Low ... #diagnosis #sodium ... #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Once pseudohypokalemia is ruled out, causes of hypokalemia can be
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Once ... filling of bucket (low ... (transcellular shift ... #workup #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
Hyponatremia: • Hypovolemia ... MH/CCF/CWRU EM ... #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology #sodium ... #low
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased intake (rare cause in isolation)
GI loss - Urine loss
Algorithm Decreased ... isolation) GI loss - Urine ... Transcellular shift ... #Nephrology #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... Urine Na+K / serum ... Present (Uosm ≥100): Hypovolemia ... #differential #diagnosis ... table #sodium #nephrology
Approach to Hypomagnesemia 

Fractional excretion of magnesium = (urine magnesium x serum creatinine)/ [0.7 (serum magnesium
intake, Gl loss, shift ... Hypomagnesemia #algorithm ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #nephrology ... #magnesium #low
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
- Differential Diagnosis ... 300 mmol/kg • Hypertonic ... mannitol, glucosuria Low ... Urine Osmolality ... Hypernatremia #Nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Algorithm Before ... A urine K/Cr ratio ... #diagnosis #Algorithm ... differential #potassium #nephrology ... #low