65 results
Hypernatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Diabetes Insipidus Workup

Step #1 - Consider the history
Step #2 - Assess
Workup Step #1 ... history Step #2 ... Uglucose Step #3 ... #Algorithm #Sodium ... #nephrology #insipidus
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
- Differential Diagnosis ... Shift: • Alkalosis ... • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #low #potassium
Hyperkalemia Treatment Options
Stabilize cardiac membrane:
 • IV Calcium (peaks 5-10 minutes)
Decrease potassium concentration:
 • IV Fluids
Shift
• IV Fluids Shift ... 90 minutes) • Sodium ... lactulose (peaks 1- ... #Hyperkalemia #management ... #potassium #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm ... Intracellular Shift ... discontinued) 3. ... #Diagnosis #Causes ... #Workup #Nephrology
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
water retention 1) ... Serum Osmolarity 2) ... Urine Osmolarity 3) ... Urine Sodium 4) ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Status Epilepticus - Management
Seizure > 5 mins or two seizures without complete recovery between them
PEDS
Benzo Dose
between them PEDS ... Benzo Dose 1 ... Anti-epileptic #3 ... #treatment #algorithm ... #neurology
Fractional Excretion of Sodium - FENa
Fractional Excretion of Sodium (FENa) = (Urine Na+ x Serum Cr)
Urine Cr) FEurea < 1% ... etiologies FEurea > 2% ... - Strong Medicine ... #nephrology #calculation ... #diagnosis
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Once pseudohypokalemia is ruled out, causes of hypokalemia can be
discrete buckets: 1. ... (low intake) 2. ... (transcellular shift ... ) 3. ... #workup #nephrology
Kidney Biopsy - Diagnosis Algorithms
1) Normal Glomerulus by LM
2) Glomerular Crescents
3) Double Contours of GBM
4) Endocapillary
Kidney Biopsy - Diagnosis ... Algorithms 1) ... Glomerulus by LM 2) ... Glomerular Crescents 3) ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm
Decreased renal potassium excretion
 • Acute renal failure
 • Chronic renal failure
 • Drugs
Increased
algorithm Decreased ... PHA type l/type 2 ... • Type 1 #Hyperkalemia ... #Diagnosis #algorithm ... #nephrology #potassium