13 results
diagnosis differential management hypokalemia causes neurology pathophysiology rhabdomyolysis urine alkalosis chloride criticalcare encephalopathy epilepticus foamed gitelman hyperkalemia intercellularshift nutrition pediatrics
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Transcellular Shift: • Alkalosis • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation • Erythropoiesis
Transcellular Shift ... • Refeeding syndrome ... vomiting) • Low ... #nephrology #low ... #potassium
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Extra-renal Losses: • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... intake • Metabolic ... Renal Losses: • Metabolic ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine Urine K+
Algorithm for patients ... the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ... creatinine) • Cell shift ... #differential #algorithm ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm ... treated with IV potassium ... consumption • Low ... Pressure: - Metabolic ... #nephrology #low
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis • Kidney loss of Cl-
Urinary Chloride Algorithm ... alkalosis • Normal/low ... , Gitelman syndrome ... and potassium acid ... #nephrology #differential
Gitelman Syndrome Overview What? • Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter • Gitelman's syndrome
thiazide-sensitive sodium ... alkalosis • Normal or low ... tachycardia • Seizures ... Rhabdomyolysis Treatment ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary Trauma: • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury Exertional: •
iniury, Compartment syndrome ... , Heat stroke, Metabolic ... exertion/training, Seizures ... Shift of extracellular ... Monitor potassium
Refeeding Syndrome Overview What Is It? • Electrolyte/fluid shifts caused by initiation of nutrition in severely malnourished patient.
Electrolyte/fluid shifts ... • These shifts ... from hormonal and metabolic ... Rhabdomyolysis • Seizures ... hyperparathyroidism Treatment
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary Causes of Rhabdomyolysis: • Trauma: - Immobilization - Crush injury - Compartment
Heat stroke - Metabolic ... exertion/training - Seizures ... Shift of extracellular ... Monitor potassium ... #nephrology
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by: • Headache • Seizures • Altered mental
Drug toxicity, Metabolic ... epilepticus Treatment ... underlying cause • Treatment ... : Treat with AEDs ... diagnosis #management #neurology
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