160 results
diagnosis differential algorithm causes neurology management signs hypokalemia symptoms treatment workup hyponatremia pathophysiology potassium physicalexam clinical metabolic sodium classification hyperkalemia
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Transcellular Shift: • Alkalosis • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation • Erythropoiesis
Transcellular Shift ... • Refeeding syndrome ... vomiting) • Low ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology ... #low #potassium
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine Urine K+
creatinine) • Cell shift ... Low-normal EABV ... , Low Plasma HCO3 ... Plasma HCO3- • Low ... algorithm #diagnosis #nephrology
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
leukemia Measure Urine ... Transcellular Shift ... • Normal or Low ... - Normal or Low ... Workup #phosphate #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
hyperaldosteronism • Low ... Urine Cl-: Vomiting ... , NGT suction, Low ... (late) • High Urine ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Approach to Hypomagnesemia Fractional excretion of magnesium = (urine magnesium x serum creatinine)/ [0.7 (serum magnesium
of magnesium = (urine ... serum magnesium x urine ... intake, Gl loss, shift ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology ... #magnesium #low
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
hyperaldosteronism • Low ... Urine Cl-: Vomiting ... , NGT suction, Low ... (late) • High Urine ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Nephrology
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses •
uric acid >4 • Urine ... Hypothyroidism, Low ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... diagnosis #sodium #low ... #nephrology
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes. Step
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome ... nephrotic/nephritic syndromes ... dysmorphic RBCs in urine ... Nephritic #Nephrotic #Syndrome ... Comparison #Algorithm #Nephrology
True Hyponatremia Differential Algorithm Instead (or in addition) of volume status examination, check urine sodium and serum
examination, check urine ... uric acid: - Urine ... sodium low, uric ... and uric acid low ... Algorithm #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Algorithm for Differentiating Gitelman syndrome from Bartter syndrome • Urine Chloride • Urine Ca/Cr ratio Dr. Krithika
from Bartter syndrome ... • Urine Chloride ... • Urine Ca/Cr ... #Gitelman #syndrome ... Bartter #Algorithm #nephrology
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