15 results
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
RBC casts in urine ... severe cases ... may be in nephrotic ... #Classification ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
hematuria and/or proteinuria ... hematuria (RBC casts ... dysmorphic RBCs in ... Syndrome #Comparison #Algorithm ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Transcellular Shift ... B12 injections in ... vomiting) • Low ... #nephrology #low ... #potassium
Algorithmic Approach to Acute Interstitial Nephritis
When to suspect AIN? (not sensitive)
 • AKI, AKD, rapidly progressive
Algorithmic Approach ... Acute Interstitial Nephritis ... , mild tubular proteinuria ... #AIN #Algorithm ... #nephrology #diagnosis
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Algorithm Cl- ... alkalosis • Normal/low ... causes of anion ... of sodium and potassium ... #nephrology #differential
Algorithm - Approach to the differential diagnosis of the patient presenting with overt glomerular proteinuria. CMV
Algorithm - Approach ... Nephrocalcinosis causes ... #Algorithm #differential ... #nephrotic #syndrome ... #nephrology
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
Algorithm for patients ... ratio in the urine ... creatinine) • Cell shift ... #differential #algorithm ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Recommended initial testing for patients being evaluated for glomerular disease 

24-hour urine collection - Quantify proteinuria.
is unreliable in ... monitoring low-level ... infections are common causes ... glomerulonephritis #nephrotic ... #nephritic #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm ... treated with IV potassium ... The next step in ... consumption • Low ... #nephrology #low
Lactated Ringers (LR) vs Normal Saline (NS) - Comparison

Composition of LR:
 • Sodium 130 mEq/L
 •
130 mEq/L • Potassium ... transcellular shift ... • Saline Causes ... decreased renal blood flow ... • Saline May Cause