45 results
diagnosis differential algorithm hyperkalemia hypokalemia management alkalosis criticalcare low treatment medications nongap pharmacology shock urine acidosis diuresis neurology overview pathophysiology
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm • Increased Intake • Reduced Excretion (IV potassium with
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... Excretion (IV potassium ... Transcellular Shift ... #Hyperkalemia #Nephrology ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Extra-renal Losses: • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Low intake • Metabolic ... Syndrome • HTN, High ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... #potassium #low ... #nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Chloride depletion syndromes • Gastrointestinal losses -
Causes of Metabolic ... chloridorrhea - High-volume ... syndrome • Severe potassium ... depletion (serum potassium ... <2 mmol/L) #Metabolic
High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis - GOLDMARK Glycols - ethylene and propylene glycol Oxoproline
High Anion Gap Metabolic ... during hypoxic metabolism ... salicylate toxicity causes ... #Anion #Gap #Metabolic ... GOLDMARK #mnemonic #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
Intracellular Shift ... infusions) - Metabolic ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #potassium #high ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
treated with IV potassium ... wasting from other causes ... suggests extra-renal causes ... urinary losses: • High ... #nephrology #low
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
Intracellular Shift ... infusions) - Metabolic ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #potassium #high ... #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis • Kidney loss of Cl-
to diarrhea, a high ... the indicated causes ... acidosis, a high ... of sodium and potassium ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm Acidosis - RTA - Diarrhea pH Normal 1. Decreased Mg 2. Intracellular Shift
Intracellular Shift ... Metabolic alkalosis ... Algorithm #Diagnosis #Causes ... #Workup #Nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... Diuretics (late) • High ... hyperaldosteronism • High ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Nephrology ... #Causes
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