11 results
diagnosis differential hypokalemia algorithm causes hypomagnesemia pharmacology binders effects gitelman high hyperkalemia lactated lr management normal ns pathophysiology phosphate ringers
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Transcellular Shift: • Alkalosis • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation • Erythropoiesis
Transcellular Shift ... vomiting) • Low ... Transcellular shifts ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology ... #low #potassium
Approach to Hypomagnesemia Fractional excretion of magnesium = (urine magnesium x serum creatinine)/ [0.7 (serum magnesium
= (urine magnesium ... intake, Gl loss, shift ... of magnesium into ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology ... #magnesium #low
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine Urine K+
the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ... creatinine) • Cell shift ... EABV, Low Plasma ... hypokalemia #urine #potassium ... algorithm #diagnosis #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
treated with IV potassium ... (K) & magnesium( ... consumption • Low ... #differential #potassium ... #nephrology #low
Phosphate Binders - Pros and Cons Calcium carbonate (TumsTM) - Most inexpensive, antacid properties useful for
Low pill burden. ... Magnesium based ... Low pill burden ... Binders #Table #Comparison ... #Pharmacology #Nephrology
Causes of Hypomagnesemia • Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,
osmotic diuresis, Potassium ... differential #diagnosis #nephrology ... #magnesium #low
Lactated Ringers (LR) vs Normal Saline (NS) - Comparison Composition of LR: • Sodium 130 mEq/L •
Saline (NS) - Comparison ... 130 mEq/L • Potassium ... transcellular shift ... decreased renal blood flow ... Normal #Saline #NS #comparison
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Decreased intake (rare cause in isolation) GI loss - Urine loss
Transcellular shift ... Gittelman's syndrome • Magnesium ... artery stenosis Low ... Hyperaldosteronism Low ... #Hypokalemia #Nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia I. Decreased intake A. Starvation B. Clay ingestion II. Redistribution into
Increased distal flow ... Increased secretion of potassium ... Magnesium deficiency ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... #Potassium #Classification
Gitelman Syndrome Overview What? • Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter • Gitelman's syndrome
alkalosis • Normal or low ... Hypokalemia (renal potassium ... Supplement: • Potassium ... • Magnesium ... Syndrome #diagnosis #nephrology
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