76 results
Diuretics sites of action on the nephron
1) Acetazolamide (carbonic anhydrase inhibitor)
2) Osmotic diuretics (e.g. mannitol)
3) Loop
Loop diuretic (e.g ... Metolazone) 5) Potassium-sparing ... diuretics (e.g. ... nephron #diuretics #pharmacology ... #nephrology #medications
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia 
 • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren)
 • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
• Increased EC ... shift of K (Succinylcholine ... pathophysiology #pharmacology ... #potassium #medications
Checklist Approach to Hypokalemia

Consider risk factors for arrhythmia:
 - EKG changes (especially QT prolongation)
 - Digoxin
arrhythmia: - EKG ... their validity (e.g ... clinical context & EKG ... Enteral potassium ... #Hypokalemia #Management
Common sodium channel blockers which cause QRS widening.

Anticonvulsants: 
 - Carbamazepine 
Antidysrhythmics:  
 - Group
QRS #widening #ECG ... #EKG #Pharmacology ... #Medications #Toxicology
Hyperkalemia - Management Algorithm
 • IV calcium
 • IV insulin and glucose and/or salbutamolt
 • Consider
Hyperkalemia - Management ... Dialysis Serum potassium ... and ECG changes ... blocks, QRS axis shift ... #hyperkalemia #potassium
Constipation - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Diet/Lifestyle
 • Fibre
 • Calories
 • Fluid
 • Exercise
 • Psychosocial
Medications
 •
Psychosocial Medications ... (e.g. ... Cation Related (e.g ... Aluminum, Calcium, Potassium ... Anticholinergic (e.g
Oral anti-hypertensives with relative fast onset of action (Hypertensive Emergency)

The key concern with oral antihypertensive agents
you're up-titrating medications ... (e.g. procedural ... allow one dose of medication ... Hypertensive #Emergency #Management ... #Pharmacology #
Causes of Excessive Daytime Sleepiness - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Insufficient Sleep
 • Poor Sleep Hygiene
 • Insomnia
Sleep Deprivation (Eg ... Shift Work) Sleep ... Anxiety Other • Medications ... (Eg. ... • Drug Abuse (Eg
Management of Pediatric Kidney Stones
Acute Managment:
 • Pain relief: NSAIDs, opioids
 • Facilitating passage of stone:
Management of Pediatric ... Kidney Stones Acute Managment ... therapy (MET): e.g ... involvement: eyes, TFT, ECG ... Kidney #Stones #Management
Medications causing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
Prerenal:
 • Dehydration: Diuretics
 • Altered intrarenal autoregulation: ACEIs / ARBs,
Medications causing ... calcineurin inhibitors (e.g ... Sympathomimetics (e.g ... anticholinergic effects (e.g ... #Drugs #pharmacology