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differential management nephrology high hivaids infections opportunistic prevention rhabdomyolysis table algorithm binders binding comparison diuresis diuretics druginduced evaluation excretion hypokalemia
Causes of Hyperkalemia Hyperkalemia is caused by excess potassium intake, impaired potassium excretion, or transcellular shifts. The
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... potassium intake ... transcellular shifts ... renal function, medication ... dysfunction is common #Diagnosis
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 Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren) • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia ... • Increased EC shift ... #differential #diagnosis ... pathophysiology #pharmacology ... #potassium #medications
Potassium-Binding Agents to Treat Hyperkalemia Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (Lokelma): • Mechanism: Preferentially captures K in exchange for
Potassium-Binding ... and sodium • Dosing ... and calcium • Dosing ... of aspiration #Potassium ... #medications #pharmacology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
Diagnosis Framework ... Clenching of fist during ... Intracellular Shift ... Medications 2. ... #causes #potassium
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
Diagnosis Framework ... Clenching of fist during ... Intracellular Shift ... Medications 2. ... #causes #potassium
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework • Cellular Shift: - Exercise
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Framework • Cellular Shift ... hyperosmolality - Medications ... #Causes #potassium
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary Causes of Rhabdomyolysis: • Trauma: - Immobilization - Crush injury - Compartment
- Differential Diagnosis ... Management Summary Causes ... Shift of extracellular ... Monitor potassium ... #Management #causes
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary Trauma: • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury Exertional: •
- Differential Diagnosis ... Shift of extracellular ... Monitor potassium ... Dialysis for severe hyperkalemia ... Management #Summary #causes
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis ... Etiology: • Medications ... only if no clear cause ... STOP offending medications ... #Treatment #potassium
Evaluation and Management of Hypokalemia Hypokalemia is often asymptomatic. Evaluation begins with a search for warning signs
warranting urgent treatment ... Most cases of hypokalemia-induced ... transcellular shifts ... depletion impedes potassium ... #Diagnosis #Hypokalemia
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