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diagnosis management differential algorithm hyperkalemia neurology hypokalemia pharmacology low comparison syndrome table urine addiction convulsive diuresis epilepticus gastroenterology hyponatremia idsa
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm • Increased Intake • Reduced Excretion (IV potassium with
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... Excretion (IV potassium ... Transcellular Shift ... #Hyperkalemia #Nephrology ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Causes of Hyperkalemia Hyperkalemia is caused by excess potassium intake, impaired potassium excretion, or transcellular shifts. The
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... Hyperkalemia is caused ... by excess potassium ... transcellular shifts ... renal function, medication
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 Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Transcellular Shift: • Alkalosis • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation • Erythropoiesis
Transcellular Shift ... Thyrotoxicosis Medications ... Transcellular shifts ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology ... #low #potassium
Hyperkalemia Treatment Options Stabilize cardiac membrane: • IV Calcium (peaks 5-10 minutes) Decrease potassium concentration: • IV Fluids Shift
Hyperkalemia Treatment ... minutes) Decrease potassium ... • IV Fluids Shift ... potassium intracellularly ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
Intracellular Shift ... Medications 2. ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #potassium #high ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
Intracellular Shift ... Medications 2. ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #potassium #high ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia Management Algorithm • Treat the cause & optimize hemodynamics and ventilation • Reconsider treatment leadingto
• Treat the cause ... • Reconsider treatment ... and parenteral potassium ... Intracellular K+ Shift ... #potassium #high
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine Urine K+
the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ... creatinine) • Cell shift ... mmol creatinine) High ... hypokalemia #urine #potassium ... algorithm #diagnosis #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Management Algorithm • IV calcium • IV insulin and glucose and/or salbutamolt • Consider
Dialysis Serum potassium ... blocks, QRS axis shift ... #hyperkalemia #potassium ... #high #diagnosis ... management #algorithm #treatment
Drugs associated with hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia Hypokalemia - Shift from extracellular fluid to intracellular fluid compartment -
Hypokalemia - Shift ... - Insulin (high ... hypomagnesemia #Medications ... differential #diagnosis #nephrology ... #Causes #hypomg
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