37 results
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis and Screening Testing
Common causes: 
 • Renal parenchymal disease
of renal disease ... (correction of hypokalemia ... • Cushing’s syndrome ... Mineralocorticoid excess syndromes ... #Screening #Workup
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Management Summary Causes ... Dermatomyositis Clinical ... Shift of extracellular ... disease 2. ... #treatment #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Intracellular Shift ... - Tumor lysis syndrome ... • Addison’s disease ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... potassium #high #nephrology
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Hypertension - Workup ... 109 mm Hg) with clinical ... Renal parenchymal disease ... Neurologic disorders ... #Hypertension #Workup
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Intracellular Shift ... - Tumor lysis syndrome ... • Addison’s disease ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... potassium #high #nephrology
Refeeding Syndrome Overview

What Is It?
	• Electrolyte/fluid shifts caused by initiation of nutrition in severely malnourished patient.
Electrolyte/fluid shifts ... • These shifts ... severe clinical ... due to chronic disease ... hyperparathyroidism Treatment
Secondary Causes of Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertension - BP > 140/90 (>130/80 for DM)
Hypertensive urgency
based on repeat clinic ... Renal Parenchymal Diseases ... • Nephritic syndrome ... Hyperthyroidism • Hypercalcemia ... HTN #Secondary #Nephrology
Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Clinical features - Classic triad (flank pain, hematuria,
Management Summary Clinical ... Budd Chiari syndrome ... Imaging and Treatment ... test: abdominal ... Hypercalcemia 4
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
association • M > F Clinical ... skin injury) • Neurologic ... (Clinical Dx). ... is a skin prick test ... Arthritis, AS Treatment
BEE Syndromes - Non-inflammatory Causes

Immune-mediated conditions affecting the Brain, Eye, and Ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in
Non-inflammatory Causes ... and less common diseases ... diagnosis and treatment ... MRI lesions and clinical ... #neurology #noninflammatory