16 results
Causes of Knee Effusions - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Knee Effusion Red Flags:
1. Fever/Chills/Joint pain/Night sweats/Weight loss
	- DDX:
		-
- Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... Infectious Knee ... Seronegative Reactive Syndrome ... #diagnosis #msk
Disseminated Gonococcal Infection - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Bacteremic spread of the Gram-negative diplococci Neisseria gonorrhoeae. History
Management Summary ... the preferred test ... the workup • Test ... all patients for HIV ... Distal joints, knees
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary

Trauma:
 • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury
Exertional:
 •
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential ... Diagnosis and Management ... Statins), ETOH Infection ... Shift of extracellular ... #Diagnosis #Management
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
Diagnosis: • ... cord infarct • HIV ... • Provocative Tests ... #differential # ... diagnosis #causes
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
Cold Agglutinin Syndrome ... Mycoplasma, EBV, HIV ... younger pts) Differential ... Test: Donath-Landsteiner ... test #cold #
Bone Deformity / Limp - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm 
Infection
 • Septic Arthritis
 • Cortical Hypertrophy
 •
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Infection • ... Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease Knee ... Patellofemoral Syndrome ... Deformity #Limp #MSK
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
+/- myocardial infarction ... is a skin prick test ... Behcet disease) Differential ... #diagnosis #management ... signs #symptoms #rheumatology
Approach to Joint Pain

History:
Is the pain from:
	• Joint
	• Adjacent bursa
	• Tendon
	• Ligament
	• Bone
	• Muscle
	• Referred from
e.g., congenital hip ... #Joint #Pain #MSK ... #rheumatology # ... approach #workup #differential ... #diagnosis #arthritis
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Diagnosis Framework ... and Management ... Statins - ETOH - Infection ... Shift of extracellular ... #Diagnosis #Management
Hearing Loss - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Hearing Loss Types:
• Conductive
• Sensorineural
• Mixed
Presbycusis is the most common type
Hearing Loss - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... Infection or cancer ... II ○ Susac’s syndrome ... , CVA • Infectious