15 results
Peripheral Edema - Differential Diagnosis Framework for Lower Extremity Edema

Edema occurs when any of the following
Diagnosis Framework ... for Lower Extremity ... type 1 (reflex ... #Extremity #PhysicalExam ... #Pathophysiology
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Primarily Upper Extremity ... Mixed upper and lower ... bladder and rectal reflex ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
constipation Differential ... Diagnosis: • ... extremity reflexes ... #differential # ... diagnosis #causes
Lower Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Reflexes: 
 • Knee - L2, L3, L4
 • Ankle - S1
Lower Extremity ... and Myotomes Reflexes ... • Cauda Equina Syndrome ... Dermatomes #Myotomes #diagnosis ... sensory #motor #leg #physicalexam
The Neurological Evaluation of a Comatose Patient

Definition:
 • Coma: a state of unresponsiveness; the absence of
consciousness Differential ... Diagnosis: • ... • Mutism Pathophysiology ... • Examine for signs ... caseyalbin #PhysicalExam
Leg Pain - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Bone/Joint Causes of Leg Pain:
 • Fracture
 • Arthritis
 • Gout/pseudogout
Leg Pain - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... #diagnosis #lower ... #extremity #msk ... #physicalexam
Alzheimer’s Disease: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Risk factor for Late Onset Alzheimer's (99% of cases):
 - Increasing
mutations - Down syndrome ... chromosome 21) Signs ... seizure, primitive reflexes ... AlzheimersDisease #Dementia #pathophysiology ... #geriatrics #diagnosis
Upper Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Motor Function
Shoulder:
 • Abduction - C5,C6 (axillary)
 • Adduction - C6, C7,
Upper Extremity ... , T1 (median) Reflexes ... Triceps power is ... Dermatomes #Myotomes #diagnosis ... sensory #motor #arm #physicalexam
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
Diagnosis Framework ... • Symptoms and signs ... MCTD, Sjogren syndrome ... dysfunction • Abnormal reflexes ... , lower extremity
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
lateral sclerosis Pathophysiology ... segment: Upper extremity ... , lower extremity ... Increased Jaw Jerk reflex ... conditions listed in differential