23 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Losses: • Normal Acid-Base ... acidosis: Proximal and ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... #potassium #low ... #nephrology
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
Diseases - Nephritic and ... Nephrotic Syndromes ... Hypertension. t BUN and ... #Classification ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Defining the cause ... • Skin and/or ... , glycyrrhizic acid ... #nephrology #potassium
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
as arrhythmias and ... treated with IV potassium ... wasting from other causes ... suggests extra-renal causes ... #nephrology #low
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
, glycyrrhizic acid ... , Liddle's Syndrome ... , Gitelman's syndrome ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology ... #causes #low #potassium
Acute Kidney Injury - Classification
Prerenal:
 • Dehydration
 • Heart failure (a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome)
 • Liver failure
Kidney Injury - Classification ... a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome ... tubular necrosis (causes ... interstitial nephritis (AIN ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Major neurocognitive disorders (MNCD): Diagnosis and workup 

1) Clinical diagnosis Cognitive impairment + loss of autonomy
2)
Alzheimer - 1st cause ... Aphaso-apraxo-agnosia syndrome ... Behavioral changes, sleep ... Dementia - 2nd cause ... Differential #Subtypes #Classification
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
heart failure, neurologic ... Obstructive sleep ... White-coat syndrome ... Neurologic disorders ... Guillain-Barre Syndrome
Hepatic Encephalopathy - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Definition:
 • Alteration in brain function manifested by neuropsychiatric symptoms
neuropsychiatric symptoms • Caused ... rule out other causes ... of neurologic/cognitive ... awareness, Altered sleep ... Encephalopathy #Grading #Classification
Antiarrhythmics - Vaughan Williams Classification:
CLASS 1 - Sodium Channel Blockers:
 • MOA: Block fast Na+ channels
Vaughan Williams Classification ... repolarization CLASS 3 - Potassium ... Vaughan #Williams #Pharmacology ... #Classification ... #Classes #pathophysiology