11 results
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
Inadequate water intake:
 • Lack of access to water
Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
Causes of Hypernatremia ... - Differential ... water Extrarenal hypotonic ... #Diagnosis #Causes ... #nephrology #sodium
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic - Give volume
Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Appropriate ADH: Post ... Disease, Meds (Opiates ... Algorithm #diagnosis #nephrology ... #sodium
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... : SIADH, Renal Sodium ... #Hyponatremia #differential ... diagnosis #table #sodium ... #nephrology
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Causes of Hypernatremia ... - Differential ... water loss, Serum Sodium ... 300 mmol/kg • Hypertonic ... Hypernatremia #Nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
Hyponatremia - Differential ... , Recent TURP Hypotonic ... Hypothyroidism Hypertonic ... Algorithm #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology #sodium
Snout (Pout) Reflex on Physical Exam
The Snout reflex or a "Pout" is a pouting or pursing
Snout (Pout) Reflex ... reflex or a "Pout ... of the muscles causes ... PhysicalExam #clinical #video ... #neurology
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
approach to the differential ... 1) Is it hypotonic ... administered (through a peripheral ... Treatment #management #nephrology ... #sodium
Mechanisms of Pain
Mixed - Nociceptive/Neuropathic
Nociceptive - Tissue Damage
 - Visceral - (From organ/cavity lining) Poorly localized,
lancinating - Peripheral ... System • Post-Herpetic ... Pain #Mechanisms #Neurology ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Orbicularis Reflex in an Alzheimer's Patient on Physical Exam

Alzheimer's is a degenerative, progressive and irreversible disease.
time, and can cause ... present in the video ... #Orbicularis #Snout ... #Pout #Reflex # ... #neurology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
the indicated causes ... settings, the urine sodium ... the excretion of sodium ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #