18 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
Hypokalemia - Differential ... excess - Renal tubular ... acidosis (Types ... Catecholamines - Alkalosis ... Diagnosis #Low #
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Metabolic Alkalosis ... /low blood pressure ... gap metabolic acidosis ... #Metabolic #Alkalosis ... #differential #
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Metabolic Alkalosis ... - Normal/low blood ... diarrhea, Kidney tubular ... gap metabolic acidosis ... #Alkalosis #Differential
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... intake • Metabolic ... acidosis: Gl tract ... acidosis: Proximal ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Hypokalemia Differential ... Algorithm Acidosis ... Metabolic alkalosis ... #Differential # ... Causes #Workup #Nephrology
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Differentials? ... Metabolic alkalosis ... Metabolic acidosis ... - Renal tubular ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
consumption • Low ... Alkalosis: Emesis ... acidosis: Proximal ... diagnosis #Algorithm #differential ... #low
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
distal convoluted tubule ... alkalosis • Normal ... or low blood pressure ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... acidosis (RTA))
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI Losses - Gastric
 • Vomiting
 • NG suction
GI
Causes of Metabolic ... Alkalosis - Differential ... Losses - Impaired tubular ... MetabolicAlkalosis #NonGap #Nephrology ... #Differential #
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm Hypovolemia ... with renal tubal acidosis ... and metabolic alkalosis ... Algorithm #Causes #nephrology