14 results
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Low intake 
• poor oral intake 

Renal loss 
• Medication 
• Hypomagnesemia 
•
Hypokalemia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Low intake ... anions • Renal tubular ... acidosis • Gitelman's
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Algorithm Cl- ... alkalosis • Normal/low ... high in kidney tubular ... #urine #Algorithm ... #nephrology #differential
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Hypokalemia ... loads (ammonium chloride ... #NonGap #Metabolic ... #Acidosis #differential ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology
Renal Tubular Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased Serum K, Urine pH < 5.5 - Proximal RTA
Decreased
Renal Tubular Acidosis ... - Differential ... Urine pH > 6.0 - Hypokalemic ... #Acidosis #Differential ... #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... - Normal/low ... diarrhea, Kidney tubular ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Metabolic acidosis ... #Differential # ... #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
- Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Renal tubular ... acidosis (type ... #causes #nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI Losses - Gastric
 • Vomiting
 • NG suction
GI
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Losses - Impaired tubular ... MetabolicAlkalosis #NonGap ... #Nephrology #Differential
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
distal convoluted tubule ... alkalosis • Normal or low ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... syndrome, Renal tubular ... acidosis (RTA))
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
(NAGMA) - Differential ... Chloride Intoxication ... Hypoaldosteronism - Renal Tubular ... Metabolic #NAGMA #Differential ... Diagnosis #Workup #nephrology