10 results
Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis
Renal Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Familial:
Bartter syndrome and Gitelman syndrome, Isolated recessive hypomagnesemia,
Hypomagnesemia - Differential ... Bartter syndrome and Gitelman ... Hypomagnesemia #differential ... #nephrology #magnesium ... #low
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Bartter syndrome, Gitelman ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... #potassium #low ... #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
alkalosis • Normal or low ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... Supplement: • Potassium ... • Magnesium ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
(K) & magnesium( ... Bartter syndrome, Gitelman ... diagnosis #Algorithm #differential ... #potassium #nephrology ... #low
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
alkalosis • Normal/low ... Bartter syndrome, Gitelman ... the indicated causes ... of sodium and potassium ... #differential #
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... Bartter's syndrome, Gitelman's ... #Hypokalemia #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology ... #causes #low #potassium
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
syndromes - Gitelman ... #Diagnosis #Low ... #Magnesium #Table ... Classification #Causes ... #Workup #hypomg
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic ... Alkalosis: Differential ... furosemide-like lesion) • Gitelman ... other • Severe potassium ... #nephrology
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Hypochloremia - Differential ... Decreased Intake: • Low ... - Bartter - Gitelman ... • Fatigue Chloride ... #Chloride
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
 • Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... osmotic diuresis, Potassium ... #differential # ... diagnosis #nephrology ... #magnesium #low