9 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... intake • Metabolic ... acidosis: Gl tract ... Algorithm #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
(K) & magnesium( ... acidosis: Proximal ... diagnosis #Algorithm #differential ... #potassium #nephrology ... #low
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Non-anion Gap Metabolic ... Potassium-sparing ... aniongap #NonGap #Metabolic ... #Acidosis #differential ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
alkalosis • Normal or low ... (renal potassium ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... Renal tubular acidosis ... • Magnesium
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
alkalosis • Normal/low ... acidosis due to ... of sodium and potassium ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... infusions) - Metabolic ... acidosis - Hyperkalemia ... #differential # ... #high #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... infusions) - Metabolic ... acidosis - Hyperkalemia ... #differential # ... #high #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia
I. Decreased intake
   A. Starvation
   B. Clay ingestion
II. Redistribution into
Metabolic alkalosis ... Magnesium deficiency ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Low # ... Potassium #Classification
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Intercellular Shift - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Transcellular Shift - Appropriate renal excretion (GFR,
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... , TTKG, distal flow ... Non-Anion Gap Metabolic ... Acidosis • Hyperosmolarity ... #Differential #